liii 


a- 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


V 


'^£ 


o 


id< 


(/. 


I/a 


1.0 


I.I 


25 


'''  liM 


II M 
•  tU  |||m 

1.4    IIM.6 


(I 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  :^EST  MAIN  STREET 

WtBSTER.N.Y.  141.80 

(716)  872-4503 


Q. 


e 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 


vX\ 


r^ 


\ 


\ 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming    Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below 


L'Institut  a  microfilm*  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu  il  lui  a  ete  possible  de  se  procurer    Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut  etre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique.  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite    ou  qui  peuvent  ex.ger  une 
modification  dans  la  m6thode  normale  de  filmaqe 
sont  indiqu^s  ci-dessous 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


D 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 


n 


Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagee 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restauree  et/ou  pelliculee 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  litre  de  couverture  manque 


G 


Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagees 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurees  et/ou  pelliculees 


a 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
.J.    Pages  decolorees,  tachetees  ou  piquees 


□ 

n 

D 


Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  geographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  lie.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


□ 

r 
D 


Pages  detached/ 
Pages  detachees 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Qualite  in6gale  de  limpression 


D 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relie  avec  d'autres  documents 


□    Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 


D 


□ 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

Lareliure  serree  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int6rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutees 
lors  dune  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  etait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  ete  filmees. 


D 

D 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues    etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d  errata,  une  pelure. 
etc  ,  ont  ete  filmees  a  nouveau  de  facon  a 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible 


n 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplementaires 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filme  au  taux  de  reduction  indique  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

.    / 

1 
! 

TJY 

1fiX 

20X 

24X 

28X 

32  X 

The  copv  filmed  hare  has  neen  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of; 

lihr.uv  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keepifig  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


L'exemplairH  filmA  fut  reproduit  grace  i\  la 
ydn^rusit^  de 

Library  of  Cmujrj'ss 
Photoduplication  ServicR 

Les  images  siiivuntes  ont  «Stfe  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  at 
de  la  nettet6  de  !  exemplaire  filme,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres 
sion,  or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres 
sion.  and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — »•  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  c'larts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  red_.;tion  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  exemplaire?  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim6e  sont  filmc^s  en  commencant 
par  If?  premier  plat  et  f.Mi  tnrminant  soit  par  ia 
derni^re  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d  impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  i,as.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  film^s  en  commencant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derni6re  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
derni6re  image  de  chaque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ♦■  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc  ,  peuvent  etre 
film6s  A  des  taux  de  reduction  differents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  etre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  sup^rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  methode. 


1 

2 

3 

32  X 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

«p 


X 


FDllK  IBTIIRII'-S  OF  aiNH-iCT 


KOK     I  UK 


Continent  oi  ^ortli  \\m\a 


i4.)7    i^^')7' 


II V 


\V 


ruAA\y\  ^ll^VKNS  PKKKY. 

of  the  Ami-rican  Clii"'/i- 


,^i,^^^sggmi'0m^mmim«s^- 


U"^ 

^A^ 


THE  STRUGJU  OF  THf  UT,N  "OPLf"'  7,° 

The  Ktua.nt  of  th.  ori^'innl   ^-^^^^^^^ 
,,n  AnuMicMU  history  imU  '^''"l'^^';"Vr  f. 
inturi...    -l..-two.nllu    «.Htn,  ,001...    an 
tl>.    Kunn.   fuilh  ni.\  th.-  M.^'Uh     Unm  > 

„ontof  North  A.n.riov.      W  h(-n  C  oluml  a« 
,Uan,oa  t.,  ,'ivo  to  C^.stiU>  an.M.-n    - 
now  svorhl,  iHit  :i  tu'W  |.athw.iy  to  th     huul 

tirmiHUhisHn,.pnBititinus«moMhMlm   - 
tahh.  \NVHt  to  Span,  it  svus  no  i-mt  of  tho 

m„-no80  or  pnli<V  of  th.-ir--C.tholu-  >..].■«- 
£••  or  tho^  llomnn  pontilT  to  .lu.re  hose 
new  poHSPKsions  \vith  ntiy  olhrr  p..oi-"  oi 
Tv  other  faith.  Th.  In^of  I  .p.  Ah-xan- 
(ler  VL,  in  UW,  whic-h  hsm-uM  tlio  iHn>l)- 
iLoven-a  W<-st  to  Castil.  -uul  Arraj^oo, 
a,atholinoarawnbyhu^svhoc-hnnu.a    o 

Hit  in   I'otor'B  scat,  which  shut  oat  all     he 
:!;i;u;eHiaofn.nthe..hu,asofthoBott,^ 

Hun  *  mad.-  this  aetrininntion  plain,    l^rau- 

PX.iiulH-  VI  ■  is-M.M  ''''\  V  h,, ,  i  a  k'.i.r' l-M.-*  ..r  fa^lil.-  ii>Hl 
SulvH.lur  t,y  roU"'"!'"^  /\^  /.  w ith  p  vIhuh  ur.t.l  miuU- 
Arnm.Hi.    T',' """p  "'     ,  ^IX     i>?   I  S  iV  tt.n  (ruw.i  of  I  ..rt- 

irii'S  i..i-t  ..f  <'"- '';V''::,| ,  ''  M- ..  II  UH  that  .!,<-  rxpr...sion 
,,\[  (I)  111!'  »iT'  "f  ",  ''      r;    Ml, .  tui'i'  ••  H"V   i:'l  ">"  I'""'    '',"'' 

it-oiiaiii,  I"  '■■"-'!'"'•.  .,|J"N„.i','u-..  with  S,.aiii  »M;y'>'iJ 
eru  diacovery  and  Boltloau'ut. 


fS*|!aS?-'39633(fS5#S?T'fflf^^ 


cifl  1.,  of  I'VaiifP.  at  rv  Intor  day  ridiculeil 
tlio  oviilt'iit  iiiti'iitii»u  iif  tli(>  Italian  popo  ami 
l\w  SpaiiiHli   kiiij^  t<i  iipj)ri>priat('  to  tluMii- 
8«'IvoM  all  tlio  (liHCDVi'iioH  ill  tliH  Went;  and, 
iu  tiino,  waH  found  amnnji;  tlits  fort'inost  in 
th'5  bt'uj,'^'li^  of  tlio  Latin  pfoploH  for  a  foot- 
ing and  for  fortunoH  on  tlio  North  Anieri- 
cnu  0()aBt.     Enj,'land  iicvor  rtH-o<,'nized  tliirt 
ftllinuco  Imtwoon  Kpiun  and  Uoiuh  to  socure 
Bolo  poHHt'Hsion  of  tli(>  WcHtoru  li(MniHplu>re. 
Little  recked  John  Cabot,  Hont  out  on  Uiw 
quPHt  by  Kin;,'  Henry  VII.,  the  binding,' ob- 
ligation of  tho  papal   partition  of  all  lauds 
and  boaH  hitherto  unknown  between  Portu- 
gal and  Spain.    It  wan  for  England's  Crown 
and    England'H    Church  —  the    Church    of 
Magna   Charta-- national,   free,   and   with 
rights  and   liberties   inviolable — that    this 
daring  adventurer,  nailing  westward  in  the 
ship  Matthew,  of  Bristol,  discovered  on  S. 
John  IJaptist's  Day,  June  24th,  1407,  the 
North  American  continent,  and  took  formal 
possession  of  the  Primit   Vistd— the  laud 
first  seen.     It  was  Cabot  who  first  found, 
despite  the  Roman  pontiff's  decree,  and  first 
explored,  iudifl'erent  to  the  papal  ban,  the 
territory  now  [jossessed  by  the  United  States. 
In  raising  the  cross  of  Christ,  with  En- 
gland's  arms   affixed,    on    American    soi!, 
Cabot  not  only  laid  claim  to  the  continent 
by  virtue  of  priority  of  discovery,  but  also, 
in   deed   at   least,    emphasized    England's 
"protest"  against  Rome's  usurped  suprem- 


/ 


If 


Boi!, 


i 


Rcy  and  Spiiin'H  jotilouH  diHliko.     Woll  wns 
it  for  tlio  futiin'  of  <»iir  I'mil  tlmt  on  the 
fifHt  voyage  of  Columl)ii8  tliu  wfiHterly  courHO, 
wliicli  liml  l)t'(«ii  imrhuccl  from  tlio  stiirt,  wftB 
clumgocl  to  (I  Houthwt'ht.uly  dirootiou  whou 
tho  little  llect  whh  witliiu  ii  fmv  liours  of 
reiichiiig   tin*    I'loriilii  or  (!aroliim   hhoroH. 
A  (lay  or  two  further  on  their  wiiy  due  west, 
BH  Humboldt  remiiidrt  uh,  and  the  potent  iu- 
flueuces  of   tho   (lulf   Stream  would    lmv(< 
borne  the  HhipH  up  the  Atlantic  coant,  and 
thus  revealed  to  (lolumhuH  and  his  crews 
the  southern  territory  of  the  United  States. 
Strangely  diiTorent   wc.ulil    have  been  our 
civili/Htiou,   our  ChriHtianity,  our  institu- 
tions, our  hlHtory,  our  very  featur(!H  and  our 
speech,  hud  tho  ntandard  of  ('aHtilo  and  tho 
Latin  CrosH  been  tirht  planted  on  the  Nt>rth 
American  mainland  now  in  poesesHion  of  the 
United  States.     Clod,  we  may  well  belitwe, 
in  His  wise  Providence  caused  the  deflec- 
tion of  the  hehuH  of  the  caravels  of  Colum- 
buH— the  Sant'i  Maria,  the  IMnta  and  the 
Nina,  from  their  westward  course  that  our 
discovery  might  be  by  other  hands  than 
those   soon   to  be  deeply  imbrued   in    the 
blood  of  the  gentle  aborigines  of  the  islands 
of  the  sea.     God  in  His  Providence  willed 
that  our  civilization  should  bo  that  of  the 
robust  Anglo-Saxon,  the  dauntless  Briton, 
— rather  than  that  of  the  effeminate  Span- 
ish   type;   that   our    faith    Hhould    not  be 
Roman,  but  primitive,  Catholic,  reformed; 


timt  our  iiintitutiMiiH  nluml'l  Im  IIhimo  of  lili- 
crlv-lt)vii  ^'  Ivyliriliiiii'ii,  mid  imt  hiu'U  hh 
tlit'tymmmiiH  ^Ip'iiiiind  fori'cil  ui»i>ii  Mi'xii-n 
ftinl  till'  South  Ann  riivui  p  i»|»!i'rt  at  tin) 
ijoiiit  of  til.'  hwonl  I'op''  mill  IVt'Hiilt'iit 
biivo  of  Into  yviMn  ci.lK'il  upon  uh  in  allocu- 
tiiHi  mill  piMcliiiiiutioii  to  c.'lt  hnito  tin' (Uh- 
covt  ry  ul'  Ami  lii'ii  liy  ColtimlMis.  liot  uh 
it)  our  ^riitulatioijH,  pliblic  fiti<l  priviite,  itiul 
in  our  i'tiii'itatioiirt  tlitit  llin  iit'W  worM,  of- 
ten lliHl'oVt'll'il   1)1  fnlf,  \VIIHO[HMUm1   foUT  OfH- 

turu'H  n^o  to  tho  ki>o\vli'il;;t»  iind  pirnHPHHiou 
of  all  till'  nafioiisof  ljir.41",  lioartily  tlinnk 
IJuil  Hint  ("oluinltUH  ili'l  ii'^t  iit  litiht  tlist-ovor 
tho  territory  of  tlu'  Uniti'd  StiitoB  or  eveu 
tlio  North  Ati).  riiiui  CMiitinent ;  ami  that  wo 
ns  H  people  owe  iieith.  r  discovery,  i'dIoimzh- 

tion,  inxtittitioiiH,  fret'd- faith  or  appoch 

to  Spain  or  Huiiie.  The  hull  of  15or^'ift.  •' 
whoHU  eh  vatioii  to  the  [)a[wu'y  waw  Hccurod 
by  hiniony,  who.se  lifo  wan  j^roriHly  iin[)uro, 
luid  whoHO  earner  diHplayed  his  utter  nol- 
finhiifKH,  ari  well  as  hiw  irr<'li;,'ioUs  and  pro- 
found oouti'iiii)t  'T  ecfhhiadtical  propriety 
and  decorum,  wuh  uot,  by  tlu>  reekleHS  tnic- 

~  tl'"I"'  Mi'Ji'inih'i' VI    (llcdri'.' .  Iloruin  >,  i.h  «■«•  h-nni  from 

(llcKMCM'l.iplr.llIl  r.ntllMliicM,  iH'lIl"lllorMlill'll~llllMll«.-t  C'lllir- 

ncliTi-*!!!'  iiic-iriuiiiuii  of  III.'  H.cn'hr  i-|'irit  »l  llic  lirti|.'i,lli 
coiitvirv."  I'liillnfiili'  iil'k"  111  I'Ul'lii'  "I"'  lirmili'  life,  ili"ti- 
fiiii.  c.f  miir.lii.v,  iii.liliii-iiiiinh  li.  .'iillniM,  "IIh'  hiiihpiii'kniI 
I'luiniol.T  of  liif  .-l-vlion"  to  tli<'  |.;ipti«y  ;  ih  iikIih.iiI.iI.I.". 
IliK  liimiH-~  v\c'!'-  iccriiili'il  by  ilu- op.  ii  m  .1..  of  in;hviM-tinil 
iillii'i'hiii.dfiaiiliiiil  |.nviU.|;,bof..viykiiicl      II..  ..Icviilcd  liij 

HI.. 1  i.i.llli-.'.l  i-.'ii,  111'  i.r,  |o  Hi"  <  (iriliiiitliili'  111  111.;  lip.  or 

(.i«lit..iMi,  uiil.lu>.liiiii!  iMTJiiry  Imiiih  e-orl.'.l  l.i,  for  tli.'  |Hit- 
poso  of  c'oiu-c.allni;  lii-  ill.._.iliiri.il..  liirlh.     I  li.;  .•iioiiiuly  of 

Xli'Xi.iMl.T'H.vil.l-.'.UiHOHlyx<! I.Mll.yt  nM.llroiii.Tywilli 

wliii'li  lli..y  wn>  p.Tloriii.'.l.     It  wut.  tins  "liolj  fallicr    «li» 
MOiit  Biivoiiiirola  to  tli"  ntiiku. 


10  (if  lib- 
HlU'h    ax 

>  at  thi> 
'n'Hi'li'iit 

11  allocu* 
tlii>  iUh- 

liCt    UH 

viiio,  mid 
,urltl,  of- 
four  ocn- 
dhhohhIoii 
ily  tliaiik 

(lisf(tV(M' 

i  or  ovcu 

I I  that  wo 

CMlnlli^ll- 

If  Hpooch 
IJoij^ia.  I 
i  Homirml 
,'  iin[)urp, 
itt.'i-  scl- 
iiiiil  [)r()- 
propiifty 
U'HB  trac- 

<•  li'iirTi  fri)in 
lii<  iiiii^t  cliiir- 

III!'     liftl'I'Iltll 

If  life,  ilii^ti. 
I'  .'•iiiiiiiii'ii'iil 

ll||F-|>lll.'|ll|((." 

Iicll'i-i(l-tll'(ll 
'  l-ll'Vlltl'(l  hiH 

III  tin'  ii«n  of 
I,  for  llii'  piir- 
■  iMiiiTiiiiiy  iif 
tioiiii'i'V  with 

'    flllhiT"  who 


1 


\ 


iHif  of  a  lino  (.11  a  map,  to  tllHpoHrt  for  nil 
tiioo  of  tho  «n>at.«r  [.ait  ..f  tli.-  Iiumaii  nu'O. 
(J  «l  liml  otluM-  .l.«>*i;,'i.ri  for  tlii>  W.'Htoru 
worl.l;  iinil  novor  Mnain  wan  tlio  HUCcoHHor 
of  S.  I't't-r  to  appi'iir  in  liintory  an  tlio  uu- 
dinputocl  lioHtowi^r  ..f  kiii«<lomH  ami  contl- 
neutrt.  III  tiio  atl.Mupt  of  l'oi»o  AI.(xaiHier 
VI.  to  luljiist  tilt)  rival  clainiH  of  Sjiaiii  and 
I'ortnt^al  to  tli'*  now  world  and  luako  it  all 
•'a  ti.rf  (.f  lli.iuo;'  tho  papacy  appoarrt  for 
tho  lartt  tiin.i  an  tlio  ultimat.'  trilmnal  of  ap- 
noal  for  Clirirttiun  nalioiirt  ami  art  Hooming 
to  hold  tho  HU/irain.ihip  (tvor  tho  lieathou 

world. 

It  irt  in  ovitlnnco  that  Kn;,'land'rt  HtatoB- 
mou  and  pcopio  ront.'d  on  Ihirt  priority  of 
dittcovory  of  tho  i-ontiuont  liy  tho  Cubotn 
tho  nation'H  claini  to  tho  right  of  a  footing 
ill  tho  Wostorii  world,      in  tho  "  Di«courHo 
of   Worttorn   IManting,"  u  cloaoly  reaBonod 
and  oarofnily  inopnn  •!  Stated  i»aper,  written 
l.y  llichanl  llakluyt,  I'rohoudary  of  WoBt- 
luinHtor,  at  tho  retiuoHt  of  llaloigh  in  the 
Bumnifa-of  ir>Sl,   and  intondod  to  iutorest 
tho   (iaoon   and  court  of   England   iu   the 
BchemoH  for  Auiorii'an  colonization  of  which 
Ualt'igh  wiH  H  I'hiof  promotor,  wo  find  this 
claim^fully  wot  forth.     This  "  Discourao  of 
WeHtorn   IManting ":t  wan  presented  to  the 

""iThoMH.  of  thi»  imiiorliiul  imi.i.r  wii«  <liM.'ov<.r.Hl  hy  th* 

"J.  whi  lmkiM«  .HHcurrh...  i„  Km'hi.i.l    or  miiti-rml  illiw- 
rn  i'nu      . .    rly  lu«lory  of  Mulin.,     It  wum  Ii.h  .  print.).!  it.  I lio 

!•(",  ".^..l     tmoftho  MtiiiM.  lliHtoriril  SmMnty     il.i.  ,|  t  i«  ...h. 

torn    ii.  of  l)r   WocmIh  iumI  tho  Into  tlmrl.-»  Dhhm..,  Mi.l).,  imd 

h  "bum    HuliH....u.i.tlyit.«liiil'Ml  111  tho  r..priti.t  of  nukluyt . 

'•Col leot  ..11  of  ^..yiitfoV-  r..ooi.tly  i«Huod  m  Kdmburgli. 


^^ 


^MOD  Piirly  in  tho  nuttimii  i»f  IIh>  yoar  it 
whioli  it  wiiH  cnmiM.H.Ml,    ('oj)ioH  .»f  lln>  on^ 
iufil,  iiM  it  iippi'iirrt  from  tin-  nu-onU  ..f  tin 
UoIIh  OlVii'f.  w«r«  tmi.lo   f«»r   WiiUiiij^lmni 
nnd.  noHHil.ly,  for  tli.'  Marl  nf  l,..iiM>Mt.>r,  ft> 
well  UK  f.ir  i:iizul.i'lli.      lA>r  Stiito  i-oiiMotm, 
d<.ul)tl.'rtH.  it  wiirt  not  inolu.l'.l  in  "llu<  >(irtiit 
i)r.)Hi>  oj.ic  (if  tilt-  rtM.l.iii   Kii^'lir-h  iintinn,' 
RH  I'rou.lo  Htvl.H   llakluyt'H  "l"!)!!.'!'!!."!!  ol 
Voyiiy.'H,"    |)ul>lirtli«'<l    lit    thiH   tiiut>.      VUo 
HtfttouitMitrt  f.)iitiiin«><l  in  tliin  r.>coiitly  <li«- 
covor.'.l  nmiiUMcriiit,  both  from  tho  i-ircum- 
BtiuicoH  of  their  |.r<5|.iiration  iiiiil  tho  uhoh 
tlioy  won'  i!it<'ii.lt<l  to  Horvo,   may  ho  ro- 
jfiircU'il  tiH  oxprt'HHiiig   thu  I'linifHt   cotivic- 
tiotiH  of  tli't  writer,  iiml  tho  f.'oliii^j  of  tho 
nopuliir  iniiKl.      linUhtyt  war*  cortiiiiily  wi'll- 
Informed  iin.l  wan  (piite  unlikely  to  mnrep- 
reHOut  exintin;^'   fu'lrt  in  a  i»ai""r   primarily 
propiirod  for  tlu>  (iuotMrrt  individual  uho     It 
iH  Hiililuyt'H  iiPHertiim  that  the  firnt  ohjoct  in 
viow  in  tho  "Werttern  IMiintiiij,'"  ho  propoHod 
to   England's  (^ueon    anil    Htuto  wnu  — wo 
quote  hiH  wonirt  -  "the  weokinj;  the  ridvancn- 
inontof  tho  kin^'dom  of  Chrint;"   "tho  en- 
liirj,'emont  of  the  j^doriouH  ( JoHpol  t>f  tUiriwt ; 
nnd  th'  "reducin;,'  of  infiiiito  multitudoH  of 
theBO  Biinplo  p.oplo"  (tho  alK)ri;^Mn.>H)  "that 
Hfo  in  error  into  tho  rif,'ht  and  perfect  way  of 
their  Halvation."     These  inotivoH  ho  (isrtortrt, 
(ind  "not  filthy  I«uto  nor  viiin  oBtentation 
*  worothool.ji'ftrt  lir.-t  in  view."  Noticing  that 
"the  papiHts  olaim  for  thetUMelvcB  Catholic- 


»  yofir  ic 

tli(>  orij^ 
U  .if  Ihi 
Hiii^liiiiu 

rOHHDilH, 

iiMtioii,' 
I'l'titiii  ol 
io.     'llio 
iitly  tliM- 
<  I'irciiin- 

tllO    UHOH 

y  lid  rt'- 
t   CKiivic- 

IIJ^  llf  tlio 

inly  well- 
1)  mirtr<'|>- 
priiiuirily 

,1   UHH        It 

iiliji'ct  ill 

WHH  —  WO 

adviiiu'j)- 

"tlic  on- 

f  ChriHt;" 

titlliloH  of 

i.>h)  "tlmt 
Oft  wiiy  of 
i(>  (iKrtt>rtrt, 
Btoiitiition 
tiiuiif^tlwit 
Ciitholic- 


■  ,1 

1 

i 


I  . 


1 


_7- 
Uy  brciu-n  Ihny  hnv*^  bwo  the  '"'ly;"J; 

ChriHtiunity."     ilukluyt    urK"-    'M'«"'       ° 

Qmnn.  .iH  .-M..!  nmonu  "liu.  j.Mno.H  of  th« 

:.form..an.ll«io.."loUk..iuinu.atliMmH. 

t..r  of  «VHi.K.-li/in«  tl.o  .ihon«in-M  ..f  Amor- 

L;,  HHUu  aHK..,tio.,  of  KMK'Lm.U  r.^ht  to 
tho  ....HHOHHiou  of  th.  Noitl.  A.u.r.ni..  .on- 
tim'ut.    «'\V...lnrivooi>r.i«htHn.  Am«ric.i. 

miud  IWuko,  in  hi-  "Accunt  of  I ..  -a  o- 
,,„  SoUlounMUK  iM  Amorin,-'  iml.hHho.1  u 
L.aury.mdubulfKKo.  .from  the  a.H.M.vory 
'V  *  ,  .  Cnl...t.  who  fuHl  iu.ulo  tbo 
Northern  .onti.M...t ...  I  U»7."     "/''"i;^-;!. 

.«Ul.'U.outH  ii.  Norti.  A.M.r.m.  ll.o  No  h- 
'rn  c-o..tinn.t  of  ll.«'  n.w  worUl.  writon  Jub- 
ti„\Vi..Hor  in  hiH"AVun./<.v.nmi(;n/m/ 

il.nd'H  C'...ot  thirUHM.  inonths  .ml  moo 
l„.foroColu.nl...HHih'l.t.Hl  thoooanto  South 
Americ,  tl.i..i<i..^'  tl.fit  1.0  l.m    r.;..ch.-l  tl.o 

^ilaof  i.ui;'ti.."CHa...y"ofinH,hio-io..g 

cu.'Ht.  It  w..«,  .IB  w.>  l..iVO  BRid  lu  Juno, 
U.)7    th.vt  .lohu  C.a.ot,  i.r..b.a..ay  .iccom- 

UlB   HOHplCl'H    of     IV"'^'     M»"ry         1^'  », 

nt  tl.o  CuLotH  "own  proper  cont  and  chnrgo. 
ton  -hea  ll..«  r..Ht  neon  l.u.a- th.  "  Inrapn- 
ZnHa:^    ThiH"i>nma  ..-./a"  was  either 


''-'*«"*'5!H¥ 


-8— 


on  tho  No',  fi  Scdtid  courtt,  Labriiilor,  or,  pos 
Bihly,  Nowrouiiilliiiil;  luul  tlie  diHcovoroi 
pliiutt'il  lit  h\H  liiii.liii;  -iliu'o  II  lai<^o  cnms- 
witli  tlio  tla;^.s(it'  Eiij^'iiir.il  and  8    Miuk.      It 

WllH  tllUd  tllllt  Cllliot,  a^  l!ll<,'l(lli(rH  lOlJlTSfUt- 

fttive,  t<"ok  p  i.-^Bessioii  nt'  this  Nortli  Amori- 
cnii  L'oiitiiu'iit  luH  oyoH  hud  liirit  Ht'on  and 
bin  I'ot't  liad  liiwt  tnul  upon,  I'ki'  liiw  loyal 
Master  and  for  En^daud's  "Holy  Church." 
Coastinf^  alini<^  tho  bhon\  poH.s'bly  as  far  to 
thd  south  iiH  (ii'orgia  or  Floiida,  but  more 
probably  lirHt  cxplorin;^  the  (rulf  of  S,  Law- 
reuco  and  ri'turning  tliroiifjh  th»»  Strait  of 
13e)le  Iwle  and  tluMico  ^ailinj^  to  the  south- 
ward, Cabot,  ou  reachiP!.'  homo,  presented 
to  King  Henry  Vll.  a  map  of  his  diseover- 
ies,  ami  a  solid  glol>e  (iii  which  Ent^laud's 
new  territ.)rial  acquisitions  were  displayed. j| 
The  sou  of  the  discoverer,  who,  though  at 
the  time  a  youth,  was  probably  with  his 
father  on  .'his  very  voynge,  ansureH  us  that 
John  Cabot  recognized  the  fact  t)uit  this 
first- seen  laud  of  tlio  Western  continent  was 
not  the  Indies,  liut  a  new  world.  If  this 
stateiueut.  made  by  Sebastian  Cabot,  that 
Lis  father,  while  disappointed  in  not  finding 
Cathay  or  India,  as  ho  had  ho],  ed,  realized 
the  fact  that  ho  had  found  a  hitherto  un- 
kuo'vu  land,  be  acci>pted  as  literally  true, 
then  not  only  does  tlie  discovery  of  the 
Wettern  continent  belong  to  John  Cabot, 
but   the  further  glory  is   his   if   knowing 

II"  Nurr::livo  and  Criticul  History  of  Americu,"  iii.,  .!. 


I 


whilt  ho  had  disccvero.!;  whilo  Columbus, 
'^ns  Wiiihor  tolls  uh,  "novcr  iiwoki*  from  the 
(Icliisioii  tli'it   lu!  Imil  touch. 'il  tho  ('(.11111108 
of  Imliii."*      "  rill!  jirt'Ofiloiicoof  Ihi'Ciiliotb 
''■,  ovor  (yi>liiuil)as  in  tho  di.soovory  of  the  Aiiier- 
icHU  Ouiitiiioiit,"  siivH  .liistin  Win.sor  in  the 
IdtoHt  (iiiil  l)Oi«t  ui  our  Aiuoiicdu   hiatoriea, 
^    "miiy   l»o   tiikon   for  f^runtcil."     'I'o   ('iibot, 
}  then,  unci  not  to  Coliiiniias;  to  Eiij^dand  uml 
not  to  Simin.  iiro  to  Ix'  iihcrilu'd  Iho  liiulinf^ 
lUiil  liiHt  oci'Dpaiii-}  ot  tho  coiitiuL'iit  of  North 
Anioriea,  imtl,  conHiMiuontly,  the   territory 
of  tho    IJiiitoii  StutoH.      Wo  c'luuiot  but  bo- 
liovi>,  from  a  ciiri'fiil  uml  pKinsluUinj,'  study 
l>   of  the  dofumontitry  hi»tory  of  the  times, 
f-     from  Hi!  oxiMiiination  of  tho  records  in  the 
'(    Stdte  impir  iilhc  in  Eu;^!and,  as  well  ns  of 
^    those  prcsmvod   aiiiou^'  the  Spanish  royal 
I     archives    at    Simaiicas,    that   the   claim    of 
I    Spain  to  tho  sole  pnii)riclorslup  of  tho  new 
«     world,  founded  on  tho  discovery  of  a  West 
"      ludifiu   island  liy  Columbus  and  supported 
I     by   Pi'iio  Alox.i  idt-r's  bull,  was  prominont 
I     amoiif^  the  many  and  ndghty  a<foncie8  which 
'    brought   about    the    frioin;^'   of    England's 
Church  and  people  from  the  usurjied  su- 
premacy of  Komo.     Else  it  were   hard  to 
\    understand  tho  intensity  ot  that  hatred  o£ 
Spain  and   that   thonuigh   distrust  of  the 
papacy  which  attliirMerv  time,  and  for  ceu- 
turieK  afterwards,  potsessed  the  English  na- 
tion, from  tho  peasant  to  the  poor,  and  which 

1;"Nurrutivo  uiiJ  C.'riticiil  lliwtury,''  ii.,  Hi. 


-10- 


,! 


1 


in  the  groat  movoraent  for  reform,  within, 
half  a  c'outury  subBequent  to  the  discoyor- , 
ioB  of  Coluiulius   and  Cabot  in  the  Wi'Ht,^ 
pitted  the  two  racew  and  the  rival  faiths  iu  j 
'    ,ting  Hiitngouism.**     CharlcB  Kiugnloy, . 
ill  hiK  grcatcHt  novel,  "Westward  Ho!"  has  . 
pictured  vividly  aud  with  historic  truthful-  , 
tiOBH,  the  violence  of  feeliug  and  the  bitter- 
nesB  of  the  strife  evolved  iu  this  couiiict  of 
peoples  and  beliefB.     The  struggle  waa  for 
the  posse.sBioii  of  the  Western  vorld.     ^Ve 
caniiot  aifect  or  alTord  to  take  no  interest  in 
this   marshalling   iu    hostile   array  of  the 
State  aud  Church  of  our  mother  laud  with 
the  Latin  peoples  and  the  faith  of  Home. 
The  strife  is  not  yet  ended,     (rod  has  evi- 
dently willed  it  that  on  this  continent  there 
should  be  the  struggle  for  the  mastery  be- 
tween the  two  civilizations,  the  two  races, 
the  two  faiths  and  the  two  ideas  of  freedom. 
From  tho  day  of  the  discovery  of  the  con- 
tinent by  Cabot,  in   IVJl,   to  tho^  present 
hour  the  strife  has  never  ceased.    Four  ceu- 
turies  have  passed,  and  this  very  hour  tho 
old.  claims,  the  old   assumptions,   the  old 
boasts  are  made  anew.     Home  claims  our 
soil  to-day  by  virtue  of  a  Borgia's  bull;  and 
in  couse<iuence  of  an  assumed  discovery  of 
the  continent  by  Columbus  which  Roman 
Catholic  students  now  confess  that  Colum- 
bus never  made.4^      The  politician  would 

*»  WiiiMurV  Monogmiili. 

^Viih  liri.iisou't)  pru£uc»  to  Torduoco's  John  aud  Sibat- 
tiati  Cabot- 


1,  within, 
liscover- , 

10     Wl'.st,^ 

t'iiitliH  in  ^ 
LiugHloy, . 
io!"  ImB. 
truthful- , 
le  bitter- 
aufiict  of 
3  WHH  for 
rid.     ^Ve 
iterest  in 
y  of  the 
auil  with 
}f  Home. 

has  evi- 
eut  there 
istery  bo- 
;\vo  races, 

freedom. 
'  the  cou- 
a  presort 
Four  cen- 

hour  the 
,  the  old 
Iftims  our 
bull;  and 
jcovery  of 
ih  Roman 
\t  Colum- 
ian  would 

In  and  Sebaa- 


I 

horgo  our  very  nationality  in  a  Pan-fjatin 
■onfedorai'}  of  ropiiblios,   forj^ctful  of  our 
rup  orif^in.  our  liistoru;  p'ist,  n  ir  very  spoech 
ind  faith,      'i'lio  vvorM  iiarf  Ixmmi  invited  to 
'  tiip  city  of  tho  inland  span  —  the  intproeean 
capital,  Chicago,  to  do  honor  to  tho  (lenoose 
discoverer  who.so  pyes  never  saw,  aud  whoso 
<  feet  never  trod  upon  any  portion  of  the  ter- 
ritory of  the  rnitcd  Statt^s.      And  statues 
have  been  raised  aud  nulogiunis  liavi^  boon 
B|)oken  and  tho  well-nigh  omnipotent  power 
t  of  the  press  has  been  Hub.si(lizpd  to  l)link 
the  simple  facts  of  instory,  and  to  give  to 
;  others  than  our  Anglo-Saxon  and   liritish 
>  sires,  and  to  a  faith  which  has  but  lately 
■  sought   to   ally  itself  with  thp   republican 
/  form  of  govprninont.  a  proniinenco  and  a 
'  recognition  which  are  not  theirs  by  right. 
We  trace  the  lipginning  of  our  life  as  a  na- 
tion, our  liberty,  our  laws,  our  religious  he- 
's* lief,  transmitted  in  the  line  that  connects 
'  us  with  the  Tiord  Himself,  to  England,  not 
.  to  Spain;  to  Bristol,  not  t.»  I'alos;  to  Cabut, 
;  not  to  Columbus;  and  to  tho  "Holy  Church" 
*|()f  Magna  Charta,  and  not  to  the  corrupt 
Christianity  which  found  in  a  Borgia  a  fit- 
ting head.  •  The  allocution  of  his  holiness, 
•  Pope  Leo  XIll.,  issued  at  the  time  of  the 
Columbian    Exposition,    claims    'that    the 
man" — C;)luml)us — "was  destined  by  a  spec- 
,  ial  plan  of  God  to  compensate  lloman  ('ath- 
/  olicism  for  tho  injury  which  it  was  going  to 
suffer  in  Europe."    Aud  this  is  so,  proceeds 

i 


-i 


_12- 

his  holiiiPHB,  l)p('anHO  '"ColnniltUH  whb  one  ol* 
118."     If  tinis  tlio  story  of  our  diHCovery  it^ 
to  lit'  iiiti'i'iiMitcd.  iiml  tlnit,  tno.  Iiy  oiiof'laiiii-' 
ing  iiifalliliilily.  shoulil  not  tlia  npi^'iil   to" 
fftct  and  tontiinoiiy  l>t^   mii(l(%   iind   iinnwor 
fi[iv(Mi  to  tliPHti  p!ilj)iil)li'  untnitliH?     lloino 
Ih  not  to  l)B  iudi'innifird  l)y  any  ^ratitudo 
of  ourH  to  tlifi  (leiioi^ho  adv<Mitur"r,  or  by 
our  Into  recognition  of  Alpsandt'r's  hull,  for 
the  dire  disasttM'  bIio  oxpcriiMicpd  in  tliii  re- 
volt of  England,  (n'rniaiiy,  tlio  N/tlx'iluudH, 
Scanilinavia,    and   all  of   J'^uropo  mvo   the 
Latin  raro.     Our  discovery  was  not  accom- 
plirilicd  uiulor  the  aulliority  or  with  the  ben- 
ediction   of    till'    Itonian    pontltV,    and    the 
Roman  Churcli.      It  was  in  v(Mt  truth  and 
deed  a  "  I'roto.stant"  act  -tiiis  sailing  west- 
ward of  Kiiglaud'h  Cab  it  and  this  discovery 
of  thn  AVe.stern  niMiidand — ine  of  tho  many 
ftnd  long-continued   protests  made  by  En- 
glish   Clmrchiuen    and    statesmen   against 
Koman  usur[)ations  and  assum[)tious.      It  is 
well  for  us  at  this  time,  and  under  existing 
circumstances,  to  acquaint  us  with  our  conn- 
try's  past.     There  are  {)rinciples  involved, 
there  are  proliiems  threatening  us,  which 
claim  our  careful  thought."  f- 

lu  the  struggle  of  these  four  centuries 
our  civil  and  ecclesiastical  liberties  have 
been  secured,  wrung  by  force  from  Spain 
and    France    and    Home.     This    lias    been   1 

*r  A  niiliilili'  ■•xiiiiiiilc  ef  thi><  iiiilii>(()ri(';il  i\.u\  uiicritical 
niiulo  i)f  trciitmiMil  nf  <nu-  ('(imuij'H  piist  is  fiiiuiil  in  Ui'UKliis 
Cmnpbi'U's  lulu'  work.  The  J'aiitaii.  . 


(IB  one  ol' 

(Mvmy  i>^ 
lUH'lHini-' 
ippniil   to' 

V  Romo 
ijriitiluilo 
i>r,  or  by 
I  hull,  for 
ti  tliii  ro- 
licihiuiln, 
HliVt'  tlu» 
)t  ncH'iiiu- 
i  the.  l)i'n- 

(ind  tlie 
truth  find 
in;,'  wost- 
diHoovory 
th()  nmny 
B  by  Eu- 
i  ayfiiiuat 
iirt.      It  is 

V  t'xirtthig 
our eonu- 
involved, 

us,  which 

ccuturieB 
'ties  havt^ 
oin  .St)!iin 

has    been 

iiui  uncritical 
iid  in  Ui'UkIuh 


\.\ 


V 


KocomnliKhod  lit  tho  i..i.-o  of  blood,  of  trean- 

C  and  with  intiuit.M'Hi"^       ^' ",7  "i; 
\viKoly  pnil.  witliout  .-Hiv  or  thou-ht,  om 
'  o'nporld  h.rita,'...     'I'h.  .vsuUk  ut    ho  .bn- 
,.Jvi.•H..^M^.b^nl.us--tho  nvd./.ition  lu- 

t,odm-d  m.d  i-ost.Mvd  by  Sp-uu     h.aW 

iuntv-iv.nt..tho\V.'.stornwu,ldbyUornH 

_-whos>'  boMHt  is  tluit  Bhp  cha..«eH  not  as 

tin, s  on     M,v  ,dl  b..f..r.'u.  to.d.iy,_a8 

;vella;sp,v,,d.Hot^irMstlu>s.^.m-c.-utnn.-s 

.„..  ..„  th.  pMU-s  of  history-of  luHtory  as 
r,onH.d  bv  Uouuu,  C.itholic  wntnrs  horn 
K-..S.  riud  w...  th.  pooplo  of  tho  Jmt.d 
Stat.s,  .nMM.t,iMou,•l:lWs,om•Ub.rty,our 
lives,  our  roli-ion.  as  tho  mtr/.M.s  ot  .lex ao 
„nd  the  South  Am.Ti.-iu  n«p<i»'li''>^'   is  dufi, 

v„,.i..,.  (lod.  to  our  iin^'iish  "H^:'" '^";i;;" 

,,cvptan.H>  of  til.,  teachings  ot    Lugland  s 
CHtholic  r.'forinatioii.  . 

Wc*  havo  of  lato.  with  pomp  and  circura- 

1  Btatico,  colBbratfl  tin-  discowry  of  a  deso- 
lRt«  West  Indian  islan.Vby  the  (.onoese  ad- 

'  venturer,  C-lnnibus,  sailin-  under  the,aus- 
picos  of  Spain,  Mtid  seekinj;  "ot  a  new 
lovldbuttho'Mandoflnd,'Mhe;;Oathay 

of  the  Rpici-bearin^'  and  ^rem-yielding  l^ast. 
But  if  WH  are  true  to  history,  if  we  ai-e 
mindful  of  iucontrov(>rtibl.-  and  stiU  exist- 
in.r  facts,  we  shall  remember,  with  grati- 
tude to  Almighty  Cod.  that  we,  the  veo^\e 

,,    of  the  United  States  of  Amerma,  owe  noth- 
i„<r  to  Columbus,  nothing  to  Spain,  nothing 

.     tollome!     Our  national  existence,  our  na- 


f 


\ 


II 


!. 


4 


!| 


11 


11 

tioiml   iuslitiitiniiH,  <!ur  fivil   mid   n'lij,'iour 
lihi'ity.  (mrcoiiiinoii  law,  t)ur  |):t>si>iit  «l<»i7, 
<mrHtiiiiiiliii^iiiiu>ii<»  til.'  |)i'()|«!>'«  of  tli<M'iirtli, 
our  liihtorv.  onv  litiTiitiin'.  our  fiiltnro   -in 
Hhorl  nil  tliiit  wi'  urn  or  umy  lio      «>•.!  iluo  to 
the  (i('kiu)wltMlj,'<Ml  priuc'iiiln  of  tlui  Hurviviil 
(if  tlif  t'lttt'Ht;  to  tlio  Hiiprt'iiuicy  s'M'uitMl  ill 
thih  istni;,'-,'!."  for  tin'  coiitiiicnt   iiy  Kiiji^liHli 
RUil  AiiM'rif'wi  HtiiteHiucii.  Holdifru,  HiiilorK, 
ClmrcliiiK'ii.  over  S|)iniirtli  mul    l'"rt'iicli  lul- 
ht'reiitH  of  tlH>   lloiiKiii   fiiitli.      Ilml  it  Ihxmi 
othtTwiHe  in  tliirt  ntrif.'  for  tiii>  poKHObsinii 
of  II  (ontiui'iit,  our  history  wonlil  liavn  Im-cii 
written  in  hlood,  like  tliiit  of  M'^xico  iiii-l 
IVrii;  lil)t'rty,  i-ivil  or  rplij,'ionrt.  would  have 
boon  unknown  !iMion<j;  uh;  tlu'  nilf  of  irri«. 
HpoiiHililc  power  would  havi'  lieen  HUpreinci 
TliuH  far  the  freedom  from  th«  domination 
of    alien    potintate  or   |)ower,    whether   in 
Chureh   or    State;    the    institutioUH   whiidi 
have  made  us  the  envy  of  the  worhl;  tho 
rulin;,'idenHwhiei>  permeate  our  very  heing; 
the  tone  of  th<tu^'ht;  the  very  manhood  of 
the  people  of  the  I'nited  States,  attest  who 
were   the  victorrt  to  this  struj^f^le  for  the 
continent.      The   vaiita^'o  ^'ronnd   is  ours. 
It  has  Ween  bravely  won.      Let  us  not  peril 
or  lose  that  wliieh  has  been  ;j;ained  at  such 
a  cost  of  life  and  labor  and  only  after  cen- 
turies of  ceaseless  strife. 

In  the  progress  of  years,  this  conllict  of 
opposing  races  and  faiths  for  the  North 
American  continent  appears  under  varying 


Mit  «l<'i7 
till'  t'firtli. 

lltlllO      -111 

!>'ii  duo  to 
ii  Hiirvivdl 
if'cui't'il  in 

8,    Hllilt'lS, 

roiu'li  lul- 
1(1  it  l)(^on 
[)()HH(^Bbinu 
liavi>  lii't'u 
oxici)  iiinl 
oultl  luivo 
ili>  of  irro- 
I  HUprtiiuo 
ouiiiiiition 
liotlior   ill 
)iiH   wliicli 
ivorld;  tho 
(M'y  boiiijif; 
miiliootl  of 
attest  who 
lo  for  the 
(I   is  ourH. 
s  not  poril 
Hil  at  such 
after  ceii 

conilict  of 
the  Nortli 
ler  varying 


■'1 


-15- 


phafleH  ati.l  foriUB.  At  liint  .1  sn-ih.  an  xvo 
|,av.>  H.-fii,  a  Htni^^'h-  fnr  portH.-hHiou.  It  >8 
uot<.fteu  that  tho  auniilHof  a  Mut|..ii  «ivo 
H„aceoratt..nti..,.  t..  the  etVoilH  ol  itH  peo- 
„k,  for  th-  coloMi/iitioii  aii.l  t'hii.tiatn/.u.^' 
of  new  hiii.lH.  Ihit  tho  hiHtury  of  Ki.Kbuul 
ut  the  eiH.eh  of  tlu^  ivformation  ol  ••elrh^4l- 
.iHtlc-al  aln.H..H  <i.ul  ih.-  -.v.-rlhiw  o^  tho 
papal  HUi.remary  by  Church  and  hbtto  .lui- 
!„itheVei«UH..fthebiHtofthe      u.orsiH 

to   be    found    ill  worliH   nuch   as    I  akhi>tH 


•/ 


'CoUectioii   of   Voyage 


or    iu    I'urchaH, 


'  "I   OlieClKMl     wi       T.'j..^-.,  - 

l»Hi8  I'ilgriiuH."  latlier  than   m  K.ng  liHts 
'  of  kingH,  ..r  in  chiouich"H  of  well-c.M.teKted 


\ 


furlits.      We   h'.ini    from  the  narratiyeH  of 
I  theHO  Wentern  voyages  in  what  a  holy  war 
the    English    Hailor.    and    setthrs  deeined 
themselv.-H  engaged.      The   JMighnh   priest 
,  went  with  hiH  people,  daring  the  .hmgors 
;they    faced    and    sharing    the    exp'^''^^^ 
which  were  theirn.      "  No  peace  b.^'ond    ho 
Hue"— that  geographical  line  drawn  by  the 
Roman  p.mtiir  in  th.-   interest  oF  the  hpaii- 
iHh  people  and  the  Latin  Church-buch  whb 
the  crv  oi  every  English  seaman  sailing  to 
the   West,   or   English  colonist    1>";'1»«   to 
found  a  home  in  the  new  w<.rhl.      And     no 
peace  with   Home"  was  equally  the  popu- 
lar  cry  on    England's  soil.      It    had    been 
wrought    into    the  very    tibres  of   Enghsh 
hearts  as  the   Marian  lires  ot  persecutum 
at  Smithiield  and  Oxford  were  recalhnl  and 
it  was  remembered  with  an  intensity  ot  bit- 


t»'rtit'HM  Mini  Mil  al)H(>rl>lnj^  pnf.«ioii   fur   ro- 

Vt'll>'t'.  Hint  till'  iiillo  il>'  Jr  at  I'Vi'iy  S|iillllhll 

Hfttl.-m.'iit  ill  tlh-  ii''W  worl-l  liiul  ii^iiii  iiinl 
Mj^diii  Im.l  t'l'i'  itrt  vii'tiiii.H  Mii^jlinli  hi-Hiiirii 
ami  l'',it;,'lirtli  tiatlriH,  \vli<«  flKini  ratlnT  tlif 
a>,'(iiiit'n  <>l'  iiiartynliiiii  than  ;,'iv('  ii|j  their 
jiurt>r  I'aith  at  tiic  liidiliii^'  n\  lh<'  [.itilcM^ 
iU(|\iiHitt»ih  ol"  lloiiin.  * 

Wo  faiiMot  [lau!^''  It"  ilftail  lli>'  iiiciili'iitH 
of  tliis  lihiMily.  inii;,'-iM)iitiiiiiii|  stiiff  in 
whii'h  l',iij,'!ir.h  hca-i'Mjitaiiirt  nml  atiiiiiiniH, 
HiU'U  aH  Hawkins,  (.'aviMuUhh  and  l>raki>, 
won  the  treaHUit' aixl  ^'aincil  ihi' fxpi  rit'iift* 
whicli  lattT  on,  with  (ind'H  iiiti-ri>ohitii.ii. 
l)rMiil.'lit  aWniit  thi'  Aiiiiaihi's  ddVat,  iiinl 
gaint'il  for  Iliij^lamrH  Church  and  State 
tlieir  crowniii;,'  trimniili  over  Spain  and 
lioine.  I. on;,'  imo  thi^  ^'ii>at  vii-toiy,  thfio 
hrnl  \n'ci\  Ht'ouifd  for  Kn^iand  and  Knylaiid'H 
(,'hnrch  a  vaiita^'.'  ground  in  tiio  new  world 
whii'h  waK  never  lost.  Sailois  and  rolon- 
ihta  set  forth  for  the  esploraliun  and  nettifl- 
nieiit  of  the  American  shorert  in  the  name 
Hiiil  fear  of  (lod.  Tiie  very  lo^'  i)<>okH,  tiie 
hills  of  ladiii",,',  the  invoifen  of  traders,  the 
chartern  of  the  ^rent  eom|»aiiieH  of  adveii- 
turerH,  tiie  letterspateiit  of  dineovtMy,  each 
luid  all  l)e;,'an  witli  the  invocation  of  tho 
blesseil  Trinity,  and  dedan  d  with  more  or 

♦llMklinl  n--.'it-iliat  r..r  l.'iir  i.l  il„.  •'SikmimIi  lil.»"ly  lei- 

.luiMlinn"  ihr  iMAt-h  ir r- «vi.m,I,1i:.'.mI|..  II, IW    Hi M.* 

uii<l    rrin>r-lM.uk-  (ni'Hi.mnl  \<i\»  il."  -■■■i  h'M.ir.'  iirnvii    at, 
tlii.ir  piiil-,  II-  iIm-..  nmiiy  >c.i'-wi'  tinvMluip.  iiiiil  vrt  .l«i. 
(Iv.liiiliurirli.MliliiMi,  11.  -'Jh      I  .•/.  Ill-'-  Kinu'.  .■>  -     W.'Htw.iril 
111,:"  f.iriiciiir.-.irilii'liH|ilihilMiiiii-f..uilili-lM'<l  111  tli>'.Si>aii- 
iHii-Aimfricuii  NclllmiioiitM. 


-/ 


1*>HH  (liHtnictnoHH  HiM  <>l»j(>ct  fnrUinjjnnn  nnr! 
III!  ill  tlit'Ht'  <>iiti'r|)riH.'-..      TIuh  uu-*  tli.>  nr- 
qiiiHitioii    of    iii'w    to  '  iH    f'"i'     I''.iij,'IhiiiI'h 
Crown   (ind   tli<'  t'Mii!itliii<jf  in  tin-  in'W  world 
of   Kii^lumrH  Clmrcli.      It  was  tlniH  timt  in 
tii»<  y»Mir  loT^   l''rol>iHln'r'H  tloot  of  fiftfcn 
HHil   liiul  oil  Ixiiinl  "One  Mitistt'r  WoU'iill," 
Ht'iit  out  l>y  tin-  (^iK'cn'H  (.'oiincil  m  prit'wt 
uiiil    priHclif^r   to   tlit«  (lliiirch   of    llii;,'l(uul 
voya^iTrt   ill  our   nortln'rn   hi'iih.      Not  con- 
tciit  with  daily  H(M'vici'H  ami  frt'i|iit>nl  Hacra- 
inontH  oil  Hliiplioard,   thin  ^odly  luaii — tlio 
firnt  in'HHioii-|irit'Mt  of  Knj^laiid'H  nd'onnod 
l)nt  Htill   Catholic  Church  wiio  ininiHtorcd 
on    North    Ann-ricaii    Hoii    -cclchratcd    tho 
Kiichariwt  on  tin-  shorPH  of   HudHon'H  biy, 
of  whii'ii    tiic  old   chronicler    rfn-nrdrt   tliat 
tliia  "cclcliration  of  the  divine  iiiyHtcry  was 
tho   firrtt   Hijjii,    seal,    and    {•onlirniation    of 
Chrint's  name,  deatii  and  I'aHHion  ever  known 
in  thesH  (iiiarterH."      A  little   later,  in   tlie 
Hunimer  of    l-J7'.>,    in   connectir)ii  witii   tho 
diricovery  of  California  and  ()re<,'oii  i)y  Frau- 
c'\H   Drako   in   ids  circuiunavif^ation  of  tho 
globe  in  the  "  ( lolden  Mind,"  tho  first  Chris- 
tian HorviceHof  any  kind  hold  on  tho  north- 
ern   I'ncitic    coaHt   woro    those   of    Francis 
Fletcher,  priest  of  the  Church  of  England, 
anil  chaplain  and  ciironicler  of  this  ox[)edi- 
tiou.      Here  at  Toint    lleyes's  Head,  on  the 
slioroH  of  what   is  still   known  as    Drake's 
bay,  for  six  woeks  from  tho   Eve  or   Feast 
of  S.   John    IJaptirit,   tho   Church's    matins 


nn.l  H..rN  i.-.M  .i...UM.-rMn..-ut..  w.iv  I'"  f"'"""' 
„^.„.      Fnm.|.,  rnll..wi..;^S, H.   u.h.r.. 

tr.H.Htvl...   lM--i-^   l-'l''''-''' '■  Vi      '  ,  ;    w 
,„^.  l.uVitu.H  ai.l  ..ot  til.....  HU.I  .In  ,H.t  u.n  . 

p,,U-tin.H.UMHm.M.tHln.nf.HH,n„orr,.|..|..at. 

li...  K.u.i.HriHtuiti.  tiH.  »<';-"'r""".;"";;;; 

li.,MH  nud  un.HU.rut..  nHl'nin.-.H   »'"♦•'" 
M       No  o,.«  .l....i.-H,  or  .V..U  .I..U  .  H,   tlml 

|,,.,„  hi.  |.uiiii.-H -r  i-'\>;i''.;''^'';v';7' . 

HynnnyunmH   witli    ••  S-.p'-K '.t  A     .  v 

yL/l.it..r.  i..  tl...  .itt.-.npt-    -■    l"->'|'i.tolf 
N,.wfuan.ll.iu>l  l.y  tl"'t  ""'•'"  < '""■'■'""""; 
Sir    Unn.,.l..y  *l«ll..Tt.   ...    l;.-.  .   "--'n- 
U..   ,l,.Ht   ..,-...i/..a  .  lV..rl  ..I       ..    K...   Hh 

Lt  of  thirt  H..ttl.'.».M.t  .HKiv..  l.y(.illM.it 
niuH.m'.  It  WKH.  ii.  the  ..u.int  lM..;,M,..;(M  or 
he  Uy.''th..-n..iM^.>nt(loa-HU 

IhoH.  \'.-y    mighty    M,.a    vant    .•ou..t....H. 
With  thn  phiUtin- nfth.- .■n.H.  u..a  tho  MU   - 
i,,iufthAtanaKraol-S(i..orK....n    !..;«.,, 

ti,„ih.i.vhM'i:,>4hinaiahis.uv..Hi,...-. 

H,mMai..Hl.i,.   i..    th.-    \V...t.rn    xvnria;    MiMl 

„„„,,-    hi^    hot   ....Mrt..>.-..tS   ....U  ;•    prMV.KUU. 

,.„,  ..,,„i,l„.  vv...shi,>.-  ...•.•o.anij,'  t..  tl 
forms  a..a  ..Hn^.-H  of  th.  f...uk  ot  (  .m.m. 
l.aj,r      l..t.'.oMtl..No,lh(".m.l..winmH 


f 


s 


r.i 

in  ir.H7.  wor.>  Hh'  H«rvi.-.'H  nn.l  Hr».nu...Mit« 
H       Hi  i«l>'H  n.lo,.y  Ht   n..H....U..     tl...  Imp. 

ntl.Su.MuyHft.rl'ri.MlyA..U..Ht    .(...., 

-.tl...n..t('l.n^ti.MlM.n.;t.NMKMn.u.      I     «- 
(■,.,.iK.i.u.ly.  in  r..itl.   ,u..l  .•  w.r,ty   .u.    w     » 

J  ^'  „     tl. .,..,u..Ht..ftlMO.utimM.t  for 

'    ;:i,lli..  Il.lyc-l.un.h.     Th.  Kov- 

..Vir.Mi.'H   I.Ki.a;"      ItwKH.    .0  MH...rt-.  not 
J.vly-thoK.l.liti.morK.u.h  Hkn.KMom.H 

,iH-uf  tl..'  iM.w  ^vn,l.ltutlH>«^^•""rtao- 
..„  ,..  AnuTi...  wuul.l  .'rtVot    h«  cl.i..m.. 
1.  Mvliof  Hn.l  fr 1.....  f. tl...  H.rv.tu.le 

1  tin...   n..Ht   .uiH.>rHhly   n,.,«.     the 
Cur.lM.fCl.ri.tthro..,l.;...tn.n.tp.lr^^^^ 

,,,,.,a^.ot''H.ur.rHiH.M...M.u.H.tm,mi.HU 

t..  triun.ph  ..vor  tho  ..v.'rll.r..w  <.f  tl.iH  uimt 

|,H    ana..ti..u.-|       11.  w.  it-H.  o,.  t  ..".lay 

;,:;:,Kt..rtoNVal.in«...n..waHj......lH-^ 

rmtl...i-"ill  raHl.i..i..Ml   hn..H     to  Si.    HuM 

Hv.l,.ov,tl.ol5.iy.ml..rKli/.'.l-tl"i.--l>'VKl.y; 

•        („u.ia.n".\r.lii."l-«i"\""'""'"""-    "•"  ' 


till*  Hir  IVrriviil  ..f  Kii^ltUHr-*  Cliuroh.  who 
liml  ft»iitt'iii|.lat«"l  li'uiliiitf  Hii  Kit«li"h  »'ol- 
oiiy   t<»  tl»»'   ii'W    wnrlil.      I,niii»   ni*j^<«l   Sli 
iMillip  Syiliu'V  \>>  iiinliTliiki*  lui  •■s|»'tlitii»ti 
n^xiiint  Sun    i)..iiiiiiK<».  witli  it  vlt-w  -f  ill- 
vnrlinu  tlin  iitlfiilion  of  Spuiii     tl-  n    oii. 
ti'inpliitint,'  til"  iiiviMi.iii  nf   I',iikI»umI    -from 
tliiHH  Hflit'iiH'H  of  11.11. jiuMt  ill  I'.iirop"  to  tlio 
prfH«>rviitiori  of  Iht  |i..HH»'HHii>iiH  in  tli.'  Wt'Ht 
ImlirH.      Thin   It'ttfi-  iii.lirul.'H  th"   impliif- 
iililf  Imtr.'il  <.f  tlio  i;ii^<liHliiii.'ii  of  tliiit  Mj^i' 
to  M|miu  mill  Uomf.  t\u>  iiHtioii'n  focn.  in  tln' 
iir^iiini-nt   hm.-.I  liy  Lftii*'  t..  win  Sy.lnoy  to 
hiH  iiliinM.      Hi'  wii^  (MiijurntI  not  'tu  n-fiiMO 
tint  «o(mI  (M>|Mirtnnity  i>f  MUch  n  Mtrvii-o  to 
til.'  Cliiiicli  of  Chri-.t  i\H  tho  Hni/nr<'  of  tlm 
niini'H  of  tri'iiHiirt'  in  lli«'  [i.wHi'Hr-ioti  of  Spiiin 
woiiM  lie"!      U  wiiH  tlio  «o|(li'n  w.'iiltli  of 
Mfxico  mill  r.TU.  \vriin>,'  l>y  fL'tulinli  .ru.l- 
tit'H  from   tlio  niitiv:'M,  aii<l   liloo.l-r  >il  willi 
niunlor  and  fouU'tl  with  I'vory  foi in  of  in- 
Hatiat.'  luHt.  that  wan  alining,'  ami  r.|iii|i|»in>,' 
tho  (Jii'at  Ainmila  wliiith  wan  i.n'pariii;,'  to 
Hi'ttio   till'  .jiifHUon  of   Miipniniaoy    in    the 
olil  woilil  ami  the  in»w  aliki',  in  tlii>  comiiu'Ht 
of  Knj^Ianil  l>y  S|.ain,  and  itn  nuivctrHion  to 
llotiw!  tlirou^'h  till)  atmiinontH  of  tiro  ami 
HWoid,  tim  rack,   i.-    llin  iili  hi-mw  ami   tint 
Htak.'.     'riioBoetT.n- "t  (.;il)»Mt  aip'  ll''.'ij,'li 
tor  foiimliiij^  I  '  'I.Mf.h  ni.-i  a  conimonwoalth 
in  tlm  ut'w  world,  with  tli.-  vimv  of  rt'Hciiin;,' 
tho  continent  from  Spain  and  llonn'.  and  tlio 

^"  Arrli»'.'l.i«ii»  Ani.riiiiiim,"  It,  t  l"*, 


/ 


'il 

IlltiT      »UI<1      UM^Vn     MU nn(\\\      foUll.lin^     of 

riiiiK'li  "ii'l  Hliito  lit  .hiiiH'«l«t\vu,  Virj^itHH, 

m>\  at  l''"»l  S,  (1 •«.'  ill  .M>»liiH  in  llit'  )pnr 

HlO"--llilrli'tMi  y»'»r«  \u>(ntt*  tlitt  iHicliii^  of 
tli«' "I'llijiiiii   l''itli"i«"  on  I'lyrmiiitli  l!oi'k 

-   -HiTi*    IIIHplK'il    l>V    Uki>   licroic  HrhtillliMltM; 

mill,  ill  hpiti'of  iiiiHtiiki'H  Huil  uii»tliH|w.  fniU'il 
not  of    iiltiiiiati'   i.iii'<'.'HH.      'I'll.'    r.cnr.lM   of 

tlllMK   I'lViUtH   to   l'o|o||i/,l<     tllll     IK'W    WOlltl    lirn 

tliH  iiiittHi  I'liHptnm  ill  tho  liMt«»ry  of  thn 
Htriiji(«l"»  for  till'  |ion»»i'HHinii  iif  til"  Norlli 
Aiiii'iii'im  I'ontiiii'iit  Im'Iwii'ii  I'liiKlniHrH 
Cliiiri'li  tmil  Stnl."  ami  tliH  S|.iiiiiHli  jH'opli* 
iiml  till*  Koiiiikii  Cliun-li.^ 

'|'ln»  I'lirly  )iarnof  tlit<  Mut'titt  oiitli  csn- 
tuiy  ulVi'ii'il  a  MtiiiiiKt'  '.oiitrHHt  lH'tw»>i'n  the 
mumii'iit  hii*T«'«Hi'Mof  till'  Latin  |m'o|»|ih  and 
tint  faith  of  Ilonii'  in  Mi'xii-o.  in  l''lori<lft 
anil  Nnw  rranii',  anil  tin-  lontjltion  ami 
|.roH|M'itH  of  till'  fi'iMi'  ami  m-attiTitl  fom- 
iniMiitii'M  i>f  l'.ii^li»li  Cliiiiflinii'n  on  t!ii' At- 
liintii-  foitht,  Aliva.ly  li.>n.i.'  prii-ntH  of  tlifl 
Itoniaii  olu'ili.'iii'f  wiTi'  Kiviii;,'  tlu-ir  livtu 
fri'flv  ill  tlii'ir  ••iV..itH  to  Iniii^  tin-  al»ori>^in<'H 
of  till'  niiiltilt"  NV.ht  of  till-  .ontini'iit  to  alli). 

"^  rrii"  rMlluioti-  n»|«'C(  of  ilif  »lriiiii(l"  fi'f  111"  iiim-i'Mliiii  of 
Niirlli  »iniTh'ii  liilwiM.ii  III..  Kiiuli»lit  liiin'ti  mihI  i  rown,  itiiil 

Himiii  i.iHl  llo I-  ■•liMih  l.r.Mwhl  .ini  ii.  lli.;  h.l-Hl  "H'l  I'";;- 

l.'il.i  111!'  iinl.U.M  .■.iiiinliiilhiii  I"'  Aiti.MiniM    iiKlnrj  llil«  iiKfl 

l.i<«  iinHliic...l      r|pi''(i .|«iiflli"l  Mit.'il  Hiiil.'»,     liT  Ah'X" 

HIHl.'r  llrci«i,.  lit    |,,.,<w..v..luiii.i..  llln.lrM.Ml    ll.ml..|.,  i'lUII, 

«iv..»  ii«,  fn.in  ».Mim-  liilli.Tli.  •■t.Tl.ioli.Ml  i.n.l  wm »-iIpI»». 

HlMibilitnl  •vi.l.i '  tli"<  111-  -lul.'H i;  "M.M  Uiir.;l.ii iii.-l 

„„ f  ..rnnnt'  l..r  I-mmIhm.I-  (  n.wu  i„  ,1  (  i.ur.h  ih»  N..i  t. 

Aiii.Ti.Miii  .■..mill. 'Ill      III"  itr.'liiv.-  uf  III..  S|.iiiii-li  .•..iirl.iil 

Hii.mii-ii».  .iii..i.'.l  iri  III ii..t.t'-  V..I1111I.'"  ..f     ir,  II<;..wm  «.  r... 

T..11I  III.'  full  iit,.l..r.liiii.liiiM  HI  Miiiiii.iiii.l  t>y  lli..iMiili.'rili«Moj 
III.'  lUMimii  nniKli.  of  till-  liiii  l.ii"..'  "f  111"  l'.l!«ll"li  I  I'llU'l"  lino 
Court, 


-2^  - 

jrianco  to  Frfinon  and  to  accoptdiu'O  of  tlio 
Faith  of  Koiuo.      Ill  i!hi  coinincHt  of  Mexico, 
this  vvjrkof  conveiHion  had  Ucvu  h»ii^' hiiu-o 
practically  coiiipli'tcd,  tlioiij'li  accomi»liHh<'(l 
througii  tiio  rcclilcHSHlxMliiiii^'of  lilootl  ami 
by    the    cxeicino    of    tieiiiliMli    cruelly.     In 
Florida,   after  hittor  and   Moody  ntrifc  he 
twecii  SpaniardH  and  I'rt'iicluiKMi,  the  Span- 
iards were  in  (piiet  poBsCHnion  of  the  ^rroiiud, 
and  zeal   for  the  converHion  of  the  nativen 
had  vvell-nij^Mi  died  out.      At  the  north  the 
mif^hty  S.   J.awreuce   and  the  territory   it 
drained,   reuchin-,'  to  the    inland   soaw  ami 
thence  to  the  upper  valley  of  thi'  MiHsis- 
nippi,  were  already  the  domain  of  the  Kinj; 
of    France.     Surrounded   north,    west    ami 
south  by  a  cordon  of  nettleinents  and  forti- 
ficaUons  of  Frenclnnon  and  Spaniards,  with 
JeBuit  fathers  i)enetrating  the  farthest  re- 
cesses of  the  wilderness,  explorinj^  the  in- 
tricacies of  the  western  water  courses,  tiriug 
the  hearts  of  the  sava«,'e8  with  hatred  of  the 
English    and    the    Englishman's    faith;    it 
would  liave  seemed  that  the  continent  was 
already  secured  for  the  Latin  peoples  and 
the  Roman  Church.     The  struggle  for  pos- 
session at  the  beginning  of  the  seventeenth 
century  appeartnl  to  be  decided  against  the 
English  people  and   the   English  Church. 
But  God  had  willed  it  otherwise, 

A  century  passed,  and  there  had  begun 
between  the  rival  races  and  the  rival  faiths 
a  struggle  for  supremacy —for  the  master- 


A 


J0    ' 


-23" 

Hhip  of  tli.>  cnutin.'nt,     Tlio  Kw^W^h  H.'ttle- 
,„.^;,trt  nnA  rivili/.iti.m  w.'.v   nuw  iiavaiu'iiij,' 
will,    rapi-l    .iri.l.-s       Tlu-    Fivuc h    ,i       h« 
north  .ii.a  uvst,  .111.1  th."  Si):u)ianls  ut  llio 
Ho.itli    ana    SMuthw.'st.    won'    .l;.;hiun-    m 
p.,w,.r  H.ul  u..altl..        riuM.xiHMhtioM  of  Ar- 
:,h11     Crnvcn.or   of    Vir^'ini'v.    nj^'ainst    lort 
iloval  of  New  FniiuM..  iu  UU:'..  was  tlm  tirst 
a.r.,iv«siv.>  m-t  of  Uu"  i:nt,'lisl.  o.louists,  who 
f.Tlt  how  im-o.u[)atil.h.  with  th.-ir  vory  exint- 
encP  w.Mv  the  prcs.Mu-0  on  this  i-ontiu.Mit  .-t 
th.'   I.atin  pi'opl.'rt  of  any  I'atinn  whattnor, 
nn.l   th.i  faith  -.f    Uoin.'.     Tli.^   Fivnch,  as 
I'arlunan  in  his  hit.'Kt  vuhinn's   t.41s  ns,  m- 
BpirtMl   thnir  Hav!ij,'e  alli.'s  to  iiat.»  and  de- 
slroy  thi-  Fn-lish  liereti.'s,  whotluT  it  wero 
the  Vuritdnrt  uf   Ne>w  Kn^'hind,  thn  Luther- 
HUK  of  New  Y..iU.  or  th.^  Ch.irchnien  ot  the 
8onth      Th.'   attack  of  the    I'ren.'h  as  in- 
trn.lers  oil  l':n«,'li8li  territory  wan,  as  we  have 
ft.«.i,    l.."^Hn    l.y  the   Vir-rinia   Chnrchme.. 
«M..»',n'*^thehuuliii>,'on  IMymonth  lloelc.      Llie 
8^r.-^s:lG  waH  at  Uni<,'tli  foroe.l  up>n  the  Mas- 
ru■h^■  .>tt8  H.-tthTH.  and  their  co-reh^nonistH, 
for  th>  "F,..Htonnais"'  for  years  found  traf- 
fie  ,Vith  Mie  French  at   Fort   Iloyal  and  S. 
Jolir  botii  phnisant  and  profitable.    Theuce- 

"  ' "   W.  I,mr  a...M,  -f  .!..■  Hull  "j ^'X^^Ty^^^U^h^^^U 


A 


"24- 

foitli  tlu'  kuiuiIh  of  tlu'si'  (liiys  nvii  vahnctd^d 
in  1)1(1(1(1.      Kiiv  ami  tlic  swonl  w.ut>  iix't  at 
ovcry  ht(>|>  (if  tlic  H(lviiiici'  of   tlic    llii^'lisli 
fivili/.'itii'ii.     'riH>  wiij^.'  of  WHi      w;ir  witli 
tho  very  worst  of  coiiihutiiiits     \v.(s  t'cmlt^ssly 
taki'ii   up.      It  WHS  II  I'oiitfKt  with  skulkinu:, 
revfii^'cfnl,  |)itil<K.H  HUV(ij,'t>s.  HpHiiiijij  iicitlicr 
womt'ii  nor  cliililiiMi,  nvA  incited   I'V  their 
Fri'iu'li  iillieH  uiid   tlu'ir  Jesuit   tcMclieis  to 
Hots  of  tieiiilisli  cniolty.     'l"'"'  toitiires  vis- 
ited    l»v   tliesn   liMse   riiMrMiiderrt  »Miis('(|iieiit 
upon  their  inliunum  ni'de  of  warfare  aroiis^'d 
the  Iviiiflislicolf-niHts,  from  thefartheht  North 
totlin  evevf,'ladesof  (he  Snitli,  toan  iiiteiirte 
entlmsiarini  to  drive  l''ren('hin:ui  and   iilack- 
rolied    Jewiiit   and    tln^    Kaviij^es    tlieuiselv('H 
from  this  land  forever.      Aj,rain  the  Htriif,'j,'ie 
lu^canie  .-i  holy  war.      It  was   felt  to   !>.'  the 
pitting  (1','ainHt  each  other  of  warrinj,'  peo- 
ples and   rival   faiths.      These    I'reuch   and 
Indian    wars,   w  li^'ed    l>y  <n\v   fathers,    were 
acta  of  f  dth,  and  oiir  ancestors  in  colonial 
days  went  forth  to  the  deadly  strife  in  the 
faith  and  fear  of  (Jod. 

The  Nmv  j;ni,dand  troops  ui;irc'hed  to  tlio 
capture  of  Ijonishonrg — styletl  by  Parkman 
"the  ()tVs[)rin^'  of  the  Crown  and  its  ally, 
the  C'hnrcir'*— with  th(»  hiinner  over  theiu 
bearing  the  leg(MK!,  Nihlc!'i>"r(iutliiiii,  Clirit^- 
io  (luce,  given  to  the  troops  by  the  ^'reat 
evangelistic  priest  and  missioner  of  the  Ihi- 
glisirChurch,  Cieorgo  Whitetield.     The  ad- 

*Piirkiiiiiii,  i.  1^1 


-25- 


■.    I 


\ 


vanct'H  of   tilt*   Himif    I'nos   alnnj,'   tlu^  Ohio 
and  Hiu<iii<,'  tlio  All.'<rlmiii.'H  \von>  rant   l)y 
th«  yt)ui)^'  Wii^liintfton.  wlumf  itlijriinis  on- 
thnsiasm  whh  <'vi.l"iic.'(l  hy  lii.-»  rcaduijf  of 
prayciri  at  tlio  lit>a.l  of  his  r.>},MimMit  day  by 
day  thrnnfjiiont   tho   cami.aijjfii,    when   tho 
parHimoiiy  of  tho  Vir^Mid"  authoritieH  pre- 
voiitoil   tlu'  <Mii|il'»yiiicnt  of  a  ohaphiin   for 
tilt'  troops  in  the'tif^ld.  I      Krom  tht>  deso- 
lat(>d    honit'H.    tlio   hamlots    plui.ili>n'd    and 
(h'stroyt'd.  tli.'  towiin  hunwd  to  the  j^'round, 
and  tho  fati^  of  hnndn'ils,  if  not  thoUHanda 
of  liapli^ss  raptivcH  condtMiint'd  to  a  liftvloiifj 
niist^ry,   worse  than    tht>  death  which    had 
befallen    their   fathers,    hnnhands.    Bons  — 
tlu^re  waH  enkiiidl.Ml  thnt  hatred  of  the  Lat- 
in peoples  and  that  distrust  of  tht^  Roman 
fftitli  whieh  could  not  be  repressed.     The 
Btruj,'^de  Uistid   for  a  century  and   a  half. 
Uefjun  In-  tlii^  Vir>riiiia  <^overnor  in  1<')1;^  it 
ended  when  the   French   Monarch,    caring 
little  for  the  acres  of  snow  and  ice  for  which 
his   predecessors    had   expended    so    much 
blood  and  treasure.  f,'ave  up  the  atruf^'gle 
for  the  supremacy  of  the  T^atin  race  and  tho 

+  Mr.  Williun.  I'.viirt^  H..M,iiMiin,  -f  N.-a-  Ynrk.  Imn  in  lim 
n„«-,-HMi...i,  fro...  .ii..<..iiJ  ll,..  WMshii.^'t..,,  MSS  l<.i.«  in  H>'> 
hiindrt  "f  III-  ll..n  HiiHliin.l  Wii-l.iiit-'lon,  'I  iimnu-'orip  of 
n  M-  f..r  noiv  <li..v  i.i  tl.-  wcnk.  Il.ohe  f...-  K.-i.tay  ,i.,.l  Su  ur- 
rtav  an.  «,,„tin«,  in  ll.'<  lm...lw.ih..u'  -f  ti,w«.<  ^^",:-i"f  ii".; 
Km .0  1  a.,  i  I.i.li.n,..  WaHl„„.-.o„  Irv.n^'  .of.'rK  to  tl.n  y.nmjt 
Viruiiiia  coloiirlV  li'.l.ii  of  l.avi.it'  iH-ayors  at  I  ...  Ii.  .i.J  of  hi8 

of  ,;.  t)lli,M.  r,.r  II...  liiMial  of  tl...  D.'M.I  from  <1";  "'>"\''f 
fo.n...o.i  l-rav.  at  .1,.-  .ni.L.iul.t  oh^.-imcn  of  HrH.ld.u^k  Wp 
may  ..■iiar.l  th-  Fath.T  of  lii-  fo.mt.lT  a-^  l.orl.ai.«,  tl.o  moHt 
'r..mi.i<"..t  "la\-nMi<lH."of  tl...  .Vmericai.  (•..iioh  in  thoaK«> 
in  wliioli  lio  livoil,  as  wuU  as  tor  all  timo  to  eoino. 


Church  of  Homo  on  tho  North  Ainoricmi 
eoutiiiPiit.  rt  WHS  thiiH  that  th(i  Atlantic 
coHHt,  from  tlit>  far  north  to  I'loriihi.  wan, 
after  a  conllirt  hit-tin;,'  for  a  cciitury  and  a 
half,  wou  for  tho  En^jlisli  {'rown,  and  tiinn 
the  10nj,'linh  civili/ation,  thf>  lln^'lish  faitli 
audCliurt'h,  tlie  J';nj,'liHh  idcasof  liberty  and 
law,  Hei'ured  the  I'nial  victory. 

It  Ih  an  illuH.ratiou  of  what  Parkinan 
btyh'H  "the  Kiiifjuhirly  contrasted  ciiaracterw 
ami  methods  of  the  rival  ciaini.'uits  to  North 
America  durinji;  this  striif;;j;le  for  suprem- 
acy" to  note  their  res|)ectiv(*  modes  of  treat- 
ment of  tho  aliorif^inc^s.  Of  the  atrocity  of 
the  Spauieh  measures  for  Christianizing 
the  uatives  of  America  wo  need  only  in- 
quire of  Spanish  autiiorities.  It  was  tlie 
baptism  of  blood  that  was  forced  upon  these 
simjilo,  guileless  Indians  whom  CnhnnbuH 
himself  enslaved  and  slaughtered  till,  even 
ill  his  lifetime,  and  through  his  pitiless 
greed,  tho  native  peoples  within  his  reach 
were  practically  externnnated. 

Of  the  much  vaunted  missions  of  the 
French  the  impartial  I'arkmau  writes,  in 
his  latest  volumes:  "It  was  the  reproach  of 
the  Jesuit  missions  that  they  left  the  sav- 
pge  a  savage  still,  and  asked  little  of  him 
but  the  practice  of  certain  rites,  and  the 
passive  acceptance  of  dogmas  to  him  in- 
comprehensible." :{;  "The  results  of  the 
Jesuit   missions   in    the    West    had    been 

\  I'arkmnn's  "  A  Halt  Contiiry  i)t  Contliot."  i.  W 


II 


1 


-27- 

nion{,'ro  iiiul  tnumient  to  a  KnrjU'iHiiif?  dn- 
f,'r»H',"     HiiyH  tlio  Hiituo   (icknowl.'tlgetl   'lu- 
tliority.     It  WHH  tho  confeHKioii  of  h  royiil 
;r,,veriior  of  New  FriimM'  in  It',',*'.)  tlmt  '^tluis 
far  all  fruitrt  of  tlu^  iniHsioiiH  couhIhI  in  tlio 
bai.tiHiu  of  iiifaiitH  wlio  dio  liefore  leacliiiif^ 
thft  a^'i^  of  n'aH(ni."4^      It  may  li(>  truo  that 
thn  .IcHiiit  KatlKMH  of  New  Kranco,  such  aa 
Jor^MH'H,  l}roi)Baf,    lialleinant  ami  Charlos 
(iarnior,  wero  both  apoHtlos  as  well  as  mar- 
tyrs; Imt  their  siiccessors  wi're,  as  Parkmaii 
proves,"  politii-al  aj^jents  ratluM'  than  Chris- 
tian prinsts  in  this  raoi^  and  falLh  struggle 
for  supremacy.     "  I  am  well  pleased."  wrote 
the  (loveruor  Vandreuil  in  1721  to  Father 
Selmstiau  Halo,  "that  you  and   Fere  de  la 
Chasse  have  prompted  the   Indians  to  treat 
the  Hnglish  as  tiiey  hav  done.      My  orders 
are  to  let  them  ^the  t-avages)  want  for  noth- 
ing, and    I   send  them   plenty  of  ammuni- 
tion."**      So    far    from    exhil)iting    "the 
peaceable  fruits  of  righteousness"  the  his- 
torian, in  describing  the  period  character- 
ized by  Cotton   Mather  as  "the  woful  de- 
cade "  — drrnunim    liii-lir/niinHltni  —  asserts 
that  "the  instruments  of  this  ignoble  war- 
fare and  the  revolting  atrocities  that  accom- 
panied it  were  all,  or  nearly  all,  converted 
Indians  of  the  Jesuit  mission  "ff     Is  it  a 
wonder  that  Parkman  should  characterize 

PiirkiimnV  "  A  Halt  I'oiitury  of  Coiitliot,"  i.  'S.). 
gniiil,  I  U;i. 
*,  llii<l,  i.  i;u. 
♦»  U)i<l,  i.  'Ml- 
tt  Ibid,  i.  «. 


-28- 

this  Ho-cilk-a  •'cunvorsion"  to  h  Cl.iiHti.iU. 
ity   "tlniH  (livomHi    fn.,,.   civili/iitiou   aiul 
Hlu.wii.K'  "".tiling;  "f  tlH"  t.>a.-lu..!j,'rt  "t  U.ri^l, 
HH   "a  failuio  KiulHliKuay'll     (-..truH 
Ibo   roHultH  of   thoHO  iniHHionary  luborrt  ot 
the  i,HtiuClmrc-l.wilhtl>nm'oftli.a,lmtTh 
of   l-:>.-l.iM.l  at  tl...  South  nn.l   North    an.l 
thoHOofth.'Ai.n.th«  HliotiuNowlMiKlaml. 
A  (IhriHtian   people  t<.-.hiy  atlent  the  ii.eti- 
ocIh  of  the  Eiij,'liHh  uiis^iouurieH  aiMonj,'  the 
MohawkHofNew  Y..rk.     The  Pn.y«r  Look 
trnnshitea,  in  part,  early  in  the  oi-hte.-ntli 
century,   an.l  compU'ted   a   Inm. Ir.^l   yearH 
and  more  ago,  with  the  (4..spel  ol   S.  ;Jo  ni, 
is  used  to-day  both  in  Canada  und   ...  the 
United  StateH.      Kli<.t  gave  t..  the    InduinH 
of  his  tim.!  the  liilde  complete  in  their  own 
toutrue;   but   no  one   can    read   to-day  Ihh 
paiLtaking  work,  and  all  traees  of  h.s  la- 
bors have  loi.},'  since  disHi)i).'ared.      '-"t  tUe 
ludian  names  on  the  catalogues  of  "Har- 
vard" and"WiHia.n  and   Mary'    and  the 
Bweet  memories  of  Manteo,  l',.cahontaH,  and 
scores    and     hundreds   of    our    alx-ngmes 
whose  lives  have  bei-n  answerable  to  their 
Christian  profession,  sta.id  out   m   strong 
anil  telling  contrast  with  the  savagery  ot 
the  Jesuit  missi.m  converts,  whos.^  priests 
alone  gave  absolution  to  th.'   In.lians  "  on 
condition  of  always  being  enemies  ot  the 
English,"         It  was  then  as  it  is  to-clay. 

"  tt  I'l.ikumn'H  "A  Hulf  (Vntury.if  (  oMilMl,"  i   21. 

Ill  Ibid,  i.  wr.. 


f) 


{ 


1 


~  ^0  - 

TluTO  WHH  n.    imi.rovoinont  of  tli.«  rnMuiu's 
,,„„li,i„„,   no  upliitiiiK  nf  l.i«  Hi.int.m!  or 
int..lli».'lu.il    initun'.    no  .lm-.-lo|.m..iit  ot    ii 
|,i,rhcr  litV,  cont.'iui.l.it.Ml  or  ri.cnnMl  l)y  Uio 
J.  Huil  inisHion.iri.-H  of  Now  Im-.u.-o  in  t  hmi 
al.uii.Uiit  lal.orH,     Co.ih.'.iu.'ntly,  in  ull  timt 
v.iHt  ai.a  umlrtin.'.l  r.-ach  of  torntory  wl.U'h 
l.aSallo   had   cnllcd    Louisiana,  Htrctcliuig 
from  tlir  (iivat    ^ak.•^.  to  tln>  inontli  of  tlin 
MiHHi^Hi|.I>i.   no   trues.  .xiHtH   to-hiy  of   all 
thoHO  olTort..     'I'lio  in.iM.rfoot  l.ttm  Chris- 
tianity,  if  Christianity  it  can  \»^  i-alhul— 
"tho  r.-li-'ion  of  hiitrotl  and  cinelty,  of  rap- 
inn  and  blood."  faded  out  of  Hit,'ht   hoforo 
th.>   advatu-e  of   thn    KugliHh  Clinstianily, 
the  i:nj,'liHh  oivili/ation.  tho  English  idoaH 
of   lihorty  and   law.      It   is  fatiln   for  tlio 
Clmich  of  Uotnc  to  lay  claim  to  tlio  pos- 
H.-saion  of  tho  territory  ..f  tho  lluittnl  States 
on  the  ground  that  much  of  our  sod  "has 
l)(.(Mi  fertilized   hy  the  sweat  and  blood  of 
(  lloniaiv)   Catholic   explorers,    founders  of 
colonies,  and  missionaries."     Tho  work  of 
the  Latin  peoples  and  tho  Church  of  Home 
iu  tho  development  of  om    nationality  was 
Hwept  away  Imfore  the  incoming  of  a  purer 
faith  and'a  nohler  race.      Again  wo_  asBert 
—and    history  heard  out   and  veriiies   tho 
claim  we  make— that  we,  the  people  of  tho 
Cnited  States,  owe  nothing,  so  far  as  tho  de- 
velopment of  our  nationality,  the  growth  of 
our  Ciiristianity  are  concerned,  to  Spain, 
nothing  to  France,  nothing  to  Rome. 


continent  w.h  Hm-......!..!  l.y  ;i.t, ..;;;,'!.«  r.-r 

,,..,„i.,itiu,.    In  ti.iH  Htr.f.-  '  "•  i.";;^'-'";  ' 

„a  i.m  of  Ih..  r..it..a  Stat...  .H..ltth..o,  - 
oon,o<.r  thoK..  yoaiH  of  .o..b...t.o..  ^  I.uh  u. 
t,,.  n,.t  o.ntury  of  itH  .xiHt.nn.     ,a;.n    i 

l.,,,li„^.  l.H,l.      Wluit  IS  ki.'.wn  KH  t h  •  (.).i.'- 
,„,,  r.iii;i.HKso.l   l.y  I'arliaun.ut  on     ...  ns- 
Hion  of  N..W  F.H.uM.,  n.c...«m/,M.«  tho  Uo- 
n,.m  hicniiThy  i"  <^'"»"'l"  '^"'^  "•'^•"'"'f  »"  ^.'"' 
.J,.HultH   tl..-ir    va.t    poHSOHsiou.    m.hI    priN- 
n,..r..ri,  un.l  .•oUH.'.im'.aly  tl..-ir   poswi.  nvhh 
un7.,.K  tl.B  ^M•iov.i.u•.H  of  tl...  Am.TU-a.>H  ni 
ho  ononi..«  nf  th.>  war  of  Iho     I.  vo  ut.on 
1     w««  l.y   tl.iH   na.a.nn-  i\ud  Cu.a.bi   whh 
Bave.l  to  i:n«l.in.l  wlaM.  the  th.it...>n  n.lon- 
IcBwev.loHt      l'.utth..lI.uh..lStateH,to.h.l 
i„  its  elVortrt  to  niak..  the  northoin   portion 
<,t'  tbo  c.ntiii.'nt  AmericH...  b^K""  'J    ".";'" 
th«   .'ffort    for  th..  nnpiisitiou  ot    I  on.  a. 
LouiHianai^i^  mul  th..  n.i.l.Uo  W.-nt  l.y  dx- 

Ltiu  p.^ople«  a...l  tlu,  lloi.i.u.  ta.th  on  thiH 
contiu.ntlvaH.h..Mn..ai.y.;mtaUM.su.o.m- 

paliblo  with  thoirown  civih/ation,  th.m  in- 
LtitntionH,  their  fr.M..lo.n.  tlu'"-  laith  A 
now  t.^rritory  was  lu-.pnr.'.l,  th..  .«  was  a 
unitcMl  ..iVort  .>n  tl...  part  of  th.  .•l.Tt,'y  a.ul 
,neml).>rH  of  our  own  c-on,niuni..n  in  com- 
,„„nwith...irf.>How.cit,/.M.KotnUH.rn.  j^- 
ious  l.eli..fH,totak..  p.mH."ss,on  ..t  thi^  lUnn- 


>' 


t 


\ 


)' 


-31  - 

itiildH  iluiiiiiiu  fiT  till"  I'oiiimoii  CliriHtiiiuity 
of  tli«'  Iji^'UhIi  hpriiUiiij,'  iiicf.     Tilt'  ri'C«>K- 
liitidii  of  tliirt  (.rim  iiy  iluty  wim  iiiiioii^'  tlio 
j'lirlit'ht  1,  ^'ihliitivci'imcluji'iitrtof  ourC'ljuri'li 
ill  itH  hjimmIU-uI  ciniiirity.  himI  the  pioii«t'r 
i)ii»'HtH  of  our  own  roiniminioii  [(cin'triitrd 
tli.>  fiiitlii>Ht  icci'hHi'H  of  "111-  iio'v  tiMiiloriiil 
(ii<|iiirtiti<iiiH.        I'll""     liOiiiMiiiiiii     |>iiri'liiiHe 
opfiHHl  lu'w  rogioiiH  for  ootMi|i(iii('y  iiml  c-on- 
i|iu'Ht.  anil  wlicii.  tn  tlu>  olililniitiou  of  tlio 
fliiiiiiH  of    I'riiicliniuii  or  S|iiiiiiiiicl   to  the 
ri'^ioiiH  (Iniiiu'il  I7  tho  MiHHiHHiiipi,  tlit-ro 
lins  Ih'iii  (iiMimI  liy  coiKincrtt  or  <'HHHii>ii  from 
the  iiiitiii  iM'opK'of  Mi'xin.  liiHt  tlu"  t-mpir.i 
of  TfXHH.    anil    tlitii   (.'Hlifoniia    iiml    New 
iMi'\iro,  •  ■  tilt'  striff  for  nniniMition  in  woll- 
iii^'li  coiiiplfti'il.      I'o-iliiy  tho  KtriJ^fj'lo  for 
iioiuiHition    -tho  thiril  K'rt'iit   period   iu  the 
conti>st  for  till'  I'oiitint'iit  tn'twi^iMi  tho  liivil- 
i/iition,  tho  civil  and  rcli>;ioun  liberty,  tho 
very  ("hriKtianity  of  tho   Kn^^lisli-Hpoakiuj,' 
pcoph'rt  and  thai  >>i  the   Ij  itin  raoo  and  tho 
Hi. man   faith— irt  wt-U-ni^'h  ovor.     To-day 
tho  I'eoplo  of  tho  Inilcd  Staten  are  practi- 
cally homoiji'nt'oiiH. 

Wo  in  I  air  froodoin  roproHont  to-day  the 
liliorty  won   for  holy  ("huroh,   and   for  the 

•  •   I'lio  ravprctit  hlmli'Mt  .if  mir  lii-lory  oiiiiiiul  f.iil  ti>  iioto 
ItiHl    till- (lixi'iui'iy  <if  niilil  Ml  riilifiiiiiiii  «iiH  provKlHiitm My 

kci.l  Imck  till  111.'  Iiiii.l  IkkI  Ihm.ii  -I'.iir.'.l  I ir  Ani.Ticin  >'  v- 

ili/,iiti..n  anil  ..tijoy.'.l  II vil  iui.l  r.'l.i-'H.im  frv.'il.iTii  ..f  llui 

L'liil.'il  Hliil.-      Wl.il"   I'itlif.irin.i  wat  Sp-.iil-li   iiml    U..iimll 

t   lllh.ill.',  ll-K.'M  WllM   lll.l.l.'ll    fLiinVliW,       Ah.Ml   11   ll-.'MMl..  11 

i.ml  .>f  .>iiil.'riil.>iv  1111. 1  will- ..p. 11  loll..'  inllu.'n.'i.c.rimrlriiH 
(■|itli..li>'   rjiri-lmiiily,   I'm   ir.'iiMin-   ""■i'.',  '"i;'   "V,"',.*"  "'" 

Willi. I.     \ii.l    ,\.'t    KniiH'iN    I  l.-l.'li.T,  in  "lliii  W.n-lil    I.I m- 

imi^-'il.'  Ml  tli.'  pen. 1.1  ..f  riilifiiiiiiiiV  tirsl  iliHc.v.'ry,  wrutu 
liliiiiiiy  iif  il>  iiiiiifvriiiirt  t-iiil. 


E»ij?!i«li  ■H[«»(ikiiij{  p««op|f  ol'  all  liiii''  ti» 
con»«».  I).v  »»  An-liliiHliojiuf  I'miti  rliuiy.  inul 
tilt'  Kiij^lirli  l-ti'iiiiM.  from  II  ii.iliiliiMi-*  inoii- 
wri'li,  I'lu-kcil  ill  liin  ,.|.|,i.Hiti.>ii  to  III.'  titi- 
IIuh'h  will,  tiii'l  ill  lii-t -hiiiiil  of  tin-  |(.i»[iI<''h 
ritflith  liv  tlii>  llouiuii  |ioiililVHU<l  tlM>  iloiiiati 
I'liiiicli,'  \\t'  ni'ivh.'iit  to.iliy  tin-  I'ivil 
hikI  ri'li^'ioiiH  lilMily  prt'Htrvcil  to  tin*  l')ii 

gliHll-f>|n'i(Kili;,'     lilCf    vvll'tl     (toil     hlliltliTi'tl 

till'  AhhiuIh  l»y  Hin  wiii'h  mm. I  st.>ntH,  uiid 
Iminlili'd  tlio  jiriiln  of  riiili|.  im.l  h.I  at 
nmi;,'!it  tln'  pliiiis  of  liin  p'lmp.'icil  |iri''-»trt 
who  w.  If  «liis  in^'  for  llic  Mii|iii'iU'U'y  ..f  tim 
old  world  iiii.l  tilt'  II. 'w.  Our  iiihtitiilioiiH, 
our  liltirtii'K.  our  rivili/iitioii,  our  fiiitli  iir»> 
not  d.riv.  d  from  tin'  liutiu  |m>o|iIi'h,  or  tlumo 
of  til.'  Uoiimii  olu'dii'ui;.'.  Wt\  lo-diiy — 
from  tljt»  fiirtliiHt  liuiit  of  our  uortlu'rii 
(•oiiHt,  froiu  tilt'  r.'iuot.'Ht  point  <)f  our 
AIuhUmi.  iKiiuirtilioiiH,  idl  iiloii^'  tlie  Atliiiitic 
and  riicitic  hhortM  tiud  tliiou^^'licut  tin*  iiiid- 
dlo  west  north,  boiitli,  cHHt  (iiid  wt'Ht  pro- 
cliiiiu  our  oivil  hu.I  L'c•c•ll'^^ill^'til'fd  frncdoin 
from  alii-n  potentiitn  and  powor.  Wo  r»s 
joic't'  in  a  frci^dom,  personal,  national,  r.'li;^- 
iouH,  Inult  up  upon  i;ii;^dand's  Maj^iia 
Charta,  tho  Ku^HhIi  IUII  of  Uif^'htu,  the 
l':ii;,'lisli  (N.minon  I. aw,  th.'  i:ii;,diHh  Hililo 
ami  thi'  Knglibh  JJook  of  Comiuou  rra)fr;^f 

•t  A  rt'CPiit  nnil  numi  iitili>  (iliilii<t<i|ilileril  hiHi(iri(ml  writer, 

I'riif.'hHi.r  .I..l.!i  I'iMki',  ill  f  Ui"  nvi-iit  wnrk-,  ••ll,»  \U. 

aiiiiiiiiKK  'if  Ni'W  Kinrliiml;  iir  IIji'  I'liririiri  1  liiMunny  m  itM 
ll.'liitPiti-  to  Civil  iiihl  lii'lu-'iiiu-  1. ill  TIN,'  ilriiwMiliMiili'.n  til 
till'  .'.mtiUHt  lii'lwi'i'ii  wliMl  111'  -ivI^'H  "III"  Kiiiiiiiii  Mi'ii  unci 
tin-  I'lmll^li  lili'll"'  ol'  iialinii-iimknn;.  1  Im  lliiiimii  lu.'lliiiil 
w.mtliulof  ciiiiiiii'>hl  Willi  iiioKrii'Tuncii,  hut  witliuut  rcpru- 


I! 


I 


If 


fl 


\ 


I 


tiixliti^  .•X|.rt'K>*i'>ii.  MO  f>»r  m  tln»  Ii'mIj-  poli- 
ti.' in  .•..iu't'rii.''l.  ill  Mur  Pi'cliirutioii  <»f  lii- 
il.«|M'»iili"iH'i«  ami  ••ur  l-'i'.l.nil  ('oiiHtitutiMii; 
Hiitl,  HO  far  iirt  nliiti'rt  to  niir  ffrltHiiiHtirtil 
frt>t'ilniii,  ill  till'  Ani«'rinui  t'liuroli  fonntl- 
tiitfil  ii«  nil  H.iloiionioiH,  iii(|i'|Miiil"iit  por- 
tion or  til."  Il'«ly  Ciitliolii'  Cliurrh  of  CliriHt, 
fi...  rn.iii  nil  tili.ii  iiiU'.  fn't*  from  tlu'  Im»- 
|iimtH(»f  iiiiy  roi.ij^n  |.otiiitiifi«  oi  im.w.t,  by 

tlli>   Vi'l'V   HMlili.THIllul  htMtt'HIIlfll   wlio.    Ill    tliO 

ImllH  ot"  Coii^'iThrtitf  .-II  til-'  l»uttli'li-'l<l.  won 
(or  UH  our  iinlf|i''mli'iict«. 

In  vi.'w  ..I'  tlifMi-  liiht.-rii'  frtclrt,  it  in  Rvi- 
ilfiit  tliiit  tin-  <|iorlirt  ill  tln'  (l<'Vflopiui>ut  of 
tlio  imtioii  lirr«t,  tli«>  HtriiKu'"  f*"'  !'"»•"•*»»- 
Hioii;  H.>.'..ii.llv.  til.'  Htruj^ul.'  for  Hiipn-niiu'y, 
iuiil  liimlly  th.'  Htriij,'Kl.'  tor  iiopiiHition, 
coviMiuf^  iiH  tlit'y  «lo  tlio  ptMiotlrt  of  all  our 
piiHt  liirtt.tiy  Im'.'..iii.<  vitally  important. 
IU»co^'iii/.iiiK'  •'«  w  '""*'t  tlio  vviiniii^  of  tlio 
rival  rai't'M,  ami  tlic  rival  faitlui,  tin*  rival 
civilizatioiiH.  tin'  rival  thiHirit-H  tii  liberty, 

H<.i.lHil..n     Tl,i»   ",„  1.11   mhu ii-l-;.l.  "i-   •'•«  "^'"•'''•l 

miwimmi.  wIi.-ii  w..«  -iMii'iy  .•'.ii.i.i.-i  wiiii.-i  "''■;i'i>':rl\'l\' 

but  IV..II  llic  Ki.iiiuii  iih'IIi.mI  wii"  "«-l  -"|iii>i  '',•  'I'  [■•"iKli'" 
Kl.'U  »hH  I,  w.i-  ih.'i. riMiriilii.il  will.  if.,,r.-..iiCiitl.Mi.  '"  •"•"- 
nun  Willi  Mii'ol  Hinil.'iil"  i>r  Aiii.riniii  liMlor),  Mr  l-lj-KK. 
Willi.'  r..n.Kiii/intf  III..  r.'ln:ii>ii'«  <'l''iii-ii', -11  Hi"  "innkiiiK  j-r 
llii.  Aiiirriniii  r.'i.iil.lir.  iiml  imjiiiu  H  llHiiirf  Inliiil.'  L-  tli» 
nmivli  of  lMi«lili..l  ill  il.i-  .•.'iiii.HMii.fi,  II  iril..'"  i.M.  inil-'Tt- 
i.iil  a  iiiirl  In  Ih"  .li.v..l..|.iii.Mii  i.f  lli..  1111I1..11  l"    li"  '  """''"l 

will-    im  111'  ..|»<.wli.Ti'  •'I'll I.'".  i«»liilill"li"l  " 'I iTiu)  mm 

n..i  II  ri'iirrminiiiiivi.  Ki.v.r lit.     I  In.  iil.;ii  "iiil  >*'>•  '■'■'«''''''• 

l„.i,  „f  „  r,.|,n.-...it..iiv  K'-v.'nim..Ml  in  tli..  N.-w  W.ir.l  .rH 
liiM  fi.nii.l  III  111-  \i.«iiim  lli.uM.  ..r  ll-iWH-.  .•I..1M.'.  I.y  11" 
■i..i.|i||.  Ill  ii<.i..iil,iii.'.'  Willi  til..  rliiirliT  HiVLii  llM'tu  l.y  tin.  Vir. 
Lliiiu  I  ..,n|mti>  -f  l..'iiil'"i.  "iii'l  .i--..nil.l..<l  in  tli..  t    mrol.    it 

!i,.mi..l..wii  II.  mil.      lliT...  I...f..r..t »'.t'^!"''>l-l'r';''"{','' 

hi.tlliT~,  wii-  liuil,  witli  tin-  i..riiiii|.iiiiiiii..til.oI  ili.'  I  liun  li  » 
uriiiiTK  mill  till"  I.I.HMiiitf.if  till.  Cliuri'li  H  |iri<.»l,  tin' ..lUtKla- 


priij - 

IjiMi-KltiMi' of  AiuiTii'iiii  fr.'i'iloiu 


>l 


HUtl  the  coiilrnittiol  iiIohm  of  iiittioiMiifikinif, 
wn  limy  not  forj^it  tbnt  in  tlii'<  »trifi»  for 
till*  iiiiiHtfry  tlifw"  opjMmint;  Utrrvn  Ihivk 
iiiMtli'  our  KjM't't'li  I'.iiKliroli,  our  |i(tlilii"«l  in- 
htitiitionH  tliDHO  of  oohhtitiitioiiiil  lil>i-rly, 
iiikI  utir  ifli^i"ii  tlihtof  llii'  l.ti^^linh  KjMuk- 
iuii  |«'u|»|i'H  iitih'i  lliHii  iliiit  of  S|niiii  or 
I'niiu'o  or  llonn*.  It  ix  tlii»  kiiowlf.l^^o  of 
tlii'rti«  fiutn  iif  our  -irij^iii.  our  liintory.  our 
prtHi'iit  foiuliliou  Hint  counH'Irt  uh,  uh  wm 
coiitriiHl  our  ^ri'iiliu'MH  kuiI  our  j^lory  with 
timlof  Mi\i«'o  tiuci  till'  South  Aiiit-rifiiu  ro- 
puhlii'M.  \\lii«'li  iiorihi'iit  tilt'  lifttiii  I'ivili/ii- 
tion.  tlii>  hiitiu  uliiiH  of  frct'ilom  iiiul  tho 
l.utiii  fiiith.  to  (liMtruHt  tlu>  •  iVorlrt  of  uii 
iilii'ii  cniuiuiinioii,  rrro^iiizin;,' iiM  itHi'urtlily 
hfiitl  u  for.'i;,'!!  |iot('iiliitt',  iiuil  tukiuj;  ilH 
v«'ry  (lo^'iiiiiK  (it  til"  liiiMiu),'  of  h  for.'i;,Mi 
powr.  to  rrvtMHi'  tilt'  (l»'finioti  of  lIu'Ht'  four 
»'»'UluritH  of  htru;ric'''  ''"'  tim  poHHOHwi  )U  of 
our  i'oMtiiii'nl,  I'lio  rtucft'HHt'Hof  tln>Hi>  yi'/irn 
of  «-oiitii<t  luuMt  not  lie  iin|M'rilt'(l,  iuuhI  not 
1)1-  loht.  Wf  ri'io^'iii/i'  witli  full  hyiiipiitliy 
Hiiti  |irofouiiil  r«'H[H'('t  til"  t'viilt'iu-»*H  ho  iip- 
piirfiit  »'t  tliirt  vfry  limt'  of  lli<'  wi^li  mul 
pur|ioHi'  of  tlh-  ui<iht  iiitflli;,'i'iit  mill  uiont 
HHtutf  of  111.'  UoiiMii  liifiMit'liy  to  Amt'ri- 
eiiiii/i'Ho  fur  lis  tli.y  iiiny  lln'  Uoiuiiii  Churcli. 
Wt5  note  with  iiiti-ri'sl  III.'  prolV.r.'d  hIIihiu'C 
of  tho  Uonmn  poutilV  with  di'iuiu'rHcy  in 
till'  ol.l  worl.l,  (in. I  vv.'  Hi'c  .'vi.l.'iH-.'H  of  the 
HHiuf  \villiii;,'ii.'hM  to  l.riii;^  'li.'  piipucy  intc» 
eouforniity,  ho  fur  hh  Ih  poHf.il)lti,  with  Amor- 


I 


'!l 


1 


Wm\  limtlliiti.iiii*  Mu\  Ami'rl<'Mii  U\otm      Uul 
n  ••oiiimmiioii  in  Hiil.i.iti..ii  I..  .«ii  Mli.'ii  |mi 
tiM.tnti-  iiii.l  t*  f'-riiu'"  I'll.-  «MH  «»'v.  I  Im-«'oiim» 
III..    Cliur.h    '.r    tliM    riiit..l    HlHt.'*      IN 
AiiM-riniii  Cliuirlt.     I'luvi.l.  ii.'o  rorl.i.UHiii'li 
H  tr.niHfniniiti"ii       lli-toiv  ivfuH-n  t»  ivc- 
,.«ui/.t<  til"  'Ifti'U"  "If  i»tH-l'.ii«iiitf   ll'»iiio. 
TliB  IJIimi'li  "f  tU.«  «ivat  ropuhli.'  imint  1... 
ltd    Atii'ii''"n.    iM.t    tlio     ll.iii'iii.    I'Mtlh.lU! 
fliiirrli.      It  N»ill   ii"t  »"l<"  itH  •l'Ui>»»t>'' »>'• 
t.MHii.'.-H  fioiii  thi«  VHticim  •(..niH-iU.  or  rM- 
f,.|'  itK  .l.u'lriiinl  l...|M'rH  t..  til-  'llita  nf  n  U.i. 
tiiiiu  |M.htiiV.      W..  nihil. .t,  nft.-r  o.iilmi.'K  uf 
htiiiujiliii^'  r.ir  our  «'ivn  mi'l  «HH'U'ni»»Mti<'iil 
fr.'iMlnm,  Mul.mil  to  tli.-   I'r..|.iik"«i>'l"  '"■  ^l'" 
l»„i,.'  ..f   ll"i.i.'  Hrt  t..  thf  .|U"H(i(.ii  ..f  our 
Hclioiil  HyHt.'iii.  or  with  r.'f.T.  n<v  t..uiir  tli«- 
Ml,.^{t.'Hl  l..'li.l'H       Til.'  "ItMliuii  mi-^Hi..ii'"  III 
IImh  ImimI     fnr  hiicli   th.'    U'.iimii   ('ittliolio 
(•oinmuiii..ii  ill  tli.^  I'nitfl  Stiit.'rt  in,  In  Hj.ito 
of  nil  itH  IliiiiMlitiK'*  •»!'  I"'>"'-  nil  Aiiu'iicim 
Cliinfli     i''iiiii'>t  cltiiiii  our  iilli';,'i  iiifo  iih  if 
il  w.'i.'.  iii.l<'<''l,  AiuiMiciiii  l.y  viitii«  of  lli«» 
alh.^f.l  .liHCuViT)  um.l.'  I>y  ('..luiiil>iirt  or  tli« 
pliiiitiiiK'  "f   ii'-rtiuiiK  of   th.'   niiitini'iit    Uy 
Si-iiin    im.l    I'nmc-.     'I'lin   riuxwh   of    thu 
AimTifim  |ii'ii[»l>'  niUHt  ln'  lu'iM<'ir  Amori- 
cim,  Hul.j.'ct  aloi  f  to  the  Chuich'H   Divino 
Heml.      'I'hr    lil.oity  whi.'h    in  oiu'h    iiiUHt 
uot  Im>  lij,'htly  i.Hit.'.l  with      It   is  uuvh  hy 

virlii.>  of  th-  loll:,'  t tiiui-l  stni;,'j,'l.' with 

tho  lidtin  propltM  iiiul  lh»'  Chuii'h  of  11. .mt^ 
Wo  HhiiU  1h'  »mlly  tUuvlict  tt.  duty,  to  the 


'!{ 


/ 


lofiHoiiH  of  liitttory,  to  tlin  moiuory  «>f  our 
ffitlKTH,  if  WH  yit'ld  now  till'  vaiitd^'c^'rounil 
HiKHiri'il  hy  tilt'  toil,  tin'   tr.'Hsuiv,  tlio  lif«- 
blooil  of  thoHe  who  liivvc  <,'oiu'  ht^l'oro  uh. 
We,    froointMi    whom    tlu'   truth    han    nimlo 
free,  froomoii  in  (Miristoiir  Ijonl.  must  livi\ 
labor,  nntl,  if  upoiI  be,  die  for  country  mid 
for  ('harcli.      Wn  niiiy  Titn-or  wist'ly  o'asn 
to  Btrii<^ji;lt'  to  nmintaiii  (lio  I'lt'cdoin  won  i>y 
our  fiithorn  and  to  further  the  lifo  and  pur- 
pospof  thH  Church  thoyslmpod  mid  moulded 
in  its  indo[)nn(h'nt  orj^nmizitioii  in  coiifiu'm- 
ity  with  the  •^ovenimont   they   h'ld    intro- 
duced.     Jlecogiii/.inj,'    the    lesrioiiH    of    our 
history,    wo   niUHt    trauHmit  to   those   who 
shall  corao  after  us  the  lierita<,'e  which   is 
DOW  ours,   of  civil   and  religious   freedom, 
as  found  in  the  American  ilepublic  and  ex- 
eniplifieil  iu  the  American  Church. 


i 


i 


,f 


KAi^ 


